Fig 1.
CT 3D reconstruction image of cervical spine: Anterior view.
Fig 2.
CT 3D reconstruction image of cervical spine: Posterior view.
Fig 3.
The LCS in different vertebrae (occiput): A Local Coordinate System (LCS) was established for Occiput (Oc) (a), the first cervical vertebrae (C1) (b), the second cervical vertebrae (C2) (c) and the lower cervical vertebrae (d).
Fig 4.
The movement of C1-C2 segment when the head rotated to the right side.
Fig 5.
The movement of lower cervical spine when the head rotated to the right side.
Fig 6.
Axial rotation of each adjacent segment (positive values indicated the same direction of rotation): The data from the Control group and the CS patient group were compared.
The difference at C4-5 was significant (P<0.05).
Fig 7.
Rotations in different parts of the cervical spine: The upper cervical spine (UCS) contained two segments, Oc-C1 and C1-2.
The difference of the entire cervical spine was significant (P<0.05).
Fig 8.
The lateral bending movement coupled with head rotation: Positive (negative) values represented the same (opposite) direction as that of head rotation.
Fig 9.
The flexion/extension movement coupled with head rotation: Positive (negative) values represented the flexion (extension) movement.
Fig 10.
The lateral translation coupled with head rotation.
Fig 11.
The anterior-posterior translation coupled with head rotation.
Fig 12.
The superior-inferior translation coupled with head rotation.