Fig 1.
The effect size of grassland biomass and soil environments in response to grazing.
Error bars are the 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals. The numbers inside and outside the parentheses indicate the response ratio (RR) and the number of observation samples, respectively.
Fig 2.
The effects of grazing intensity (GI), livestock species grazing models (LS), grazing season (GS) and grazing duration (GD) on total biomass (a), aboveground biomass (b), belowground biomass (c) and the root-to-shoot ratio (d).
Error bars are the 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals. The numbers inside and outside the parentheses indicate the response ratio (RR) and the number of observation samples, respectively. LG = light grazing; MG = moderate grazing; HG = heavy grazing; EG = extreme grazing.
Table 1.
Between-group heterogeneity (Qb) among the studies comprising each response variable.
Fig 3.
The effects of grazing intensity (GI), livestock species grazing models (LS), grazing season (GS) and grazing duration (GD) on soil available nitrogen (a), available phosphorus (b), organic matter (c), total nitrogen (d), total phosphorus (e), pH (f), density (g) and water content (h).
Error bars are the 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals. The numbers inside and outside the parentheses indicate the response ratio (RR) and the number of observation samples, respectively. LG = light grazing; MG = moderate grazing; HG = heavy grazing; EG = extreme grazing.
Table 2.
Correlations between biomass (AGB, BGB) and soil environmental factors (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, soil organic matter, water content, pH, bulk density).