Table 1.
Phenotype features of patients with MetS and controls in French and Romanians.
Fig 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of French and Romanians with MetS.
Left panel, genetic distances between French and Romanian samples and HapMap populations. PCA was performed on 654,000 SNPs, merged with HapMap data and pruned (R2 > 0.8) and eigenvectors were plotted as PC1/PC2. The 95% tolerance ellipse was constructed using the JMP program. YRI, CHB, JPT and CEU stand for Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria, Han Chinese in Beijing, Japanese in Tokyo, Utah residents with Northern and Western European ancestry from the CEPH collection, respectively. Right panel, relationship between cumulative criteria for MetS and HOMAIR index in French and Romanian subjects. The curve represents the variation of the sensitivity index (SI) obtained in a French population using the minimal model calculation after in vivo IVGTT.
Fig 2.
Linkage disequilibrium LD blocks and haplotypes in four genes of BCAA metabolism in French and Romanians.
Files (.ped and .map) were transferred in the HAPLOVIEW program, and LD blocking was performed with the Gabriel et al. method [38] and/or « four gamete rule ». HW cut off value was fixed at 1 x 10−4 and lines inter-blocks were fixed at 0.01. Underlined haplotypes are those significantly associated with HOMAIR values. “*” indicates association with in vivo IR during IVGTT; “•” indicates haplotypes effective on BCAA plasma levels. Haplotypes concordantly associated with IR and BCAA levels are indicated by box. All frequent and rare haplotypes are provided in S6 Table.
Table 2.
Significant associated haplotypes with IR in four genomic regions in French and Romanians.
Table 3.
Significant haplotypes associated with IR in French population and correlation with in vivo insulin sensitivity.
Fig 3.
Variation of total BCAA plasma levels with cumulative criteria for MetS in French population.
BCAA values represent the mean ± SE. MetS is defined with having 3 or more criteria.
Table 4.
Summary of haplotypes concordantly associated with IR and BCAA plasma levels in French population.
Table 5.
Haplotypes associated with IR and BCAA plasma level analyzed in Haploreg v.4.1.