Table 1.
Characteristics of the 2017 Tour de France stages.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the subjects.
Table 3.
Mean values (±SD) by stage for 10 female cyclists during the 2017 Tour de France.
Table 4.
Mean values (±SD) by period for 10 female cyclists during the 2017 Tour de France.
Fig 1.
Evolution of Heart rate and HRV parameters stage by stage.
Data are presented as mean group values. Absolute HR values different from baseline value* (P < 0.05); different from previous stage # (P < 0.05). HR standing- HR supine values different from baseline value $ (P < 0.05). When reading the differences, note that all the values were recorded on the morning of each stage, which reflects the load effect of the previous stage. HR: heart rate; RMSSD: root mean square of successive differences; HF: high frequency; LF: low frequency; ms: milliseconds, n.u.: normalized units; TT: time trial; FT: flat stage; MM: medium mountain stage; HM: high mountain stage; Post: post-cycling event period.
Fig 2.
Evolution of heart rate and HRV parameters by period.
Data are presented as mean group values for each period. Period 1: from stage 1 until stage 9 inclusive, period 2 from stage 10 until stage 15 inclusive, period 3 from stage 16 until stage 21 inclusive. Post: post-Tour period. Statistical differences: Different from baseline * (P < 0.05); different from the previous period # (P < 0.05). Standing-supine values different from baseline $ (P < 0.05); different from previous period £ (P < 0.05). HR: heart rate; RMSSD: root mean square of the successive differences; HF: high frequency; LF: low frequency; ms: milliseconds; n.u.: normalized units; TRIMPS: training impulse.