Table 1.
Demographic and clinical data of neonates with EOS at or above 35 weeks of gestation according to study period.
Fig 1.
EOS cases (at or above 35 weeks of gestation) in the 2 study periods (2003–2009 vs 2010–2016).
Cases are divided according to the presence (or absence) of risk factors, the presence (or absence) of symptoms during the first 72 hours of life and the time of onset of symptoms. Cases of severe disease are shown in the grey boxes. Neonates managed through SPEs are shown in the dashed box.ARN, at-risk neonates; EOS, early-onset disease; h, hours; NARN, not at-risk neonates; wks, weeks. ¶ One neonate with severe disease was unexposed to IAP; he was born preterm (36 weeks of gestation) to an unscreened mother, and symptoms developed at 2 hours of age. Another neonate was treated in labour with 8 doses of clindamycin; he was born after a prolonged membrane rupture (60 hours) and symptoms developed at 4 hours of age.
Fig 2.
Age of onset of symptoms among IAP-exposed and unexposed neonates (asymptomatic neonates are excluded).
IAP, intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. Empty bars: cases unexposed to IAP. Black bars: cases exposed to any IAP. Symptoms developed at 0 hours (beta-lactam antibiotics ≥4 hours, n = 4; beta-lactam antibiotics <4 hours, n = 4; non-beta-lactam antibiotics, n = 5). Symptoms developed at 1 to 6 hours (non-beta-lactam antibiotics, n = 1). Symptoms developed at >6 hours (beta-lactam antibiotics ≥4 hours, n = 1).
Table 2.
Number of neonates needed to treat for each neonate asymptomatic at age 0 to 6 hours who was exposed to intrapartum fever.