Fig 1.
The location of the Shizitan 29 site and its geological setting.
(red rectangle) Location of the Shizitan 29 site in Shanxi province and (black rectangles) the locations of two areas of the province where Permian flint deposits are distributed from which Black flint was sampled (black circles in C and F). Black flint (A and D) in primary deposition and (B and E) naturally eroded.
Fig 2.
Shizitan 29: Reduction sequence of the Core-and-flake assemblage.
Lithic drawings showing reduction stages for Black flint lithic industry from (a-i) layer 7 Base and (j-o) layer 8.
Fig 3.
Shizitan 29: Reduction sequence of the Core-and-flake assemblage.
Lithic drawings showing reduction stages for Quartzite lithic industry from (a-d) layer 7 Base and (e-k) layer 8.
Table 1.
Shizitan 29, layer 8 and 7: The lithic sample.
Table 2.
Shizitan 29, layer 8 and 7 (base): The retouched lithic sample.
Table 3.
Shizitan 29, layer 8 and 7 (base): The reduction sequence.
Fig 4.
Shizitan 29, layer 7 Top: Reduction sequence.
Lithic drawings showing reduction stages for Black flint lithic industry from layer 7 Top. (a-d) Flakes and (e-f) cores from Stage B; (g-q) Blades and (r-u) cores from Stage C; (v-y) Flakes and (z-zz) cores from Stage D.
Fig 5.
Shizitan 29, layer 7 Top: Reduction sequence.
Lithic drawings showing reduction stages for River flint lithic industry from layer 7 Top. (a-c) Flakes from Stage A; (d-f) Flakes and (g) cores from Stage B; (h-o) Blades and (p-q) cores from Stage C; (r-u) Flakes and (v-x) cores from Stage D.
Fig 6.
Shizitan 29, layer 7 Top: Reduction sequence.
Lithic drawings showing reduction stages for Quartzite lithic industry from layer 7 Top. (a-c) Cores showing (a) evidence of anvil percussion; (e-n) Flakes showing a single reduction stage until the abandonment of the cores.
Fig 7.
Shizitan 29, layer 7 Top: Dimensional analysis.
(L) Length and (W) Width ratio of unbroken blades from layer 7 Top with concentration ellipses of 70%. (Black dot) Black flint; (Red dot) retouched Black flint; (Blue square) River flint; (Red square) retouched River flint.
Fig 8.
Shizitan 29, layer 7 Top: Functional analysis.
Blades from layer 7 Top showing use wear traces (cutting actions on different materials).
Table 4.
Shizitan 29, layer 7 (top): The reduction sequence.
Table 5.
Shizitan 29, layer 7 (top): The reduction sequence.
Fig 9.
Shizitan 29: The reduction sequence.
A reconstruction of the reduction sequence recognized in layer 7 Top divided by raw materials and reduction.
Table 6.
Shizitan 29: The reduction sequence.