Table 1.
Model comparison based on the log-likelihood and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC; smaller is better).
PANC denotes the HIV prevalence proportion among pregnant women obtained from surveillance at antenatal care (ANC) clinics. Other auxiliary predictors are: Formal = formal dwellings (%); DR = dependency ratio; SEQ = socio-economic quintile; MMR = maternal mortality rate; HFB = births in health-care facilities (%). Covariance structures (Cov) are independence (Ind) or simultaneously autoregressive (SAR).
Fig 1.
Relative standard errors of district-level estimates.
Relative standard errors (RSE) of the 52 South African district-level HIV prevalence estimates obtained from the AIC-best Fay-Herriot area-level model and direct (survey domain) estimation.
Fig 2.
HIV prevalence in the districts of South Africa, 2012.
District-level estimates of HIV prevalence and 95% confidence intervals from the 2012 South African National HIV survey, and from Fay-Herriot small-area estimation. Numeric values are provided in S2 Table.
Fig 3.
HIV burden in the districts of South Africa, 2012.
District-level estimates of numbers of people living with HIV (PLHIV) and 95% confidence intervals from the 2012 South African National HIV Survey and from Fay-Herriot small-area estimation.
Fig 4.
Geographic distribution of HIV prevalence and burden.
Geographic distribution of HIV prevalence (top) and numbers of people living with HIV (PLHIV, bottom) in South Africa, 2012, based upon Fay-Herriot small-area estimation. Numeric values of estimates are provided in S2 Table.