Table 1.
Population characteristics of included trials.
Table 2.
Trial and intervention characteristics of included studies.
Table 3.
Risk of bias assessment.
Fig 1.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram for the systematic review and meta-analysis.
CKD chronic kidney disease, RCT randomized controlled trial.
Fig 2.
Effects of exercise on non-ambulatory systolic blood pressure: Exercise versus no intervention.
CI confidence interval, DBP diastolic blood pressure, MD mean difference, N number of participants, SBP systolic blood pressure.
Table 4.
Meta-analysis: Exercise versus no exercise on blood pressure.
Table 5.
Meta-analysis–Exercise versus no intervention on other vascular outcomes.
Table 6.
Meta-regression of non-ambulatory systolic blood pressure (last available time point).