Fig 1.
Pre- and post-transplant three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) images of a case of single lung transplantation for lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
(A) Pretransplant three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) image of the lungs in a case of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. (B) Post-transplant 3D-CT images of the lungs in the case: a left single lung transplant case.
Table 1.
Recipient and donor characteristics and size matching of the lung.
Fig 2.
Lung volume after single lung transplantation.
(A) The total lung volumes at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years after single lung transplantation were 4495.2 ± 621.2, 4555.1 ± 724.4, 4391.7 ± 732.8, 4358.7±636.1, and 4521.8 ± 476.6 ml, respectively. There was no significant difference among the years. (B) The native lung volumes at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years were 2742.3 ± 338.8, 2807.2 ± 411.7, 2733.7 ± 402.5, 2736.6 ± 419.1 and 2844.0 ± 337.0 ml, respectively. The native lung volumes showed a tendency to increase; however, they did not differ significantly among the years. (C) The transplanted lung volumes at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years were 1752.9 ± 374.8, 1747.9 ± 420.3, 1658.1 ± 429.5, 1622.0 ± 326.7, and 1677.8 ± 270.7 ml, respectively. There was no significant difference among the years. (D) The ratios of the native lung volume to total lung volume (N/T ratios) at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years were 61.3 ± 3.9, 61.9 ± 4.4, 62.6 ± 4.6, 62.9 ± 4.3 and 62.9 ± 4.0%, respectively. The N/T ratio showed a tendency to increase; however, they did not differ significantly among the years.
Fig 3.
Rate of changes in the native lung volume to total lung volume (N/T ratio).
(A) The rate of changes in the N/T at each year standardized by the N/T ratio at 1 year were 0, 1.0 ± 2.0, 2.2 ± 2.4, 2.1 ± 2.7 and 3.2 ± 3.2% (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years), respectively. The rate of change in the N/T ratio increased over time and reached a significant increase at 4 and 5 years after SLT. N/T ratio = the ratio of the native lung volume to total lung volume. (B) The rate of change in the N/T ratio in each case at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years. Seven of 9 cases that we were able to follow the lung volume and pulmonary function test (PFT) data showed the increase of rate of change in the N/T ratio over year.
Fig 4.
Low attenuation volumes of the native and transplanted lung.
(A) The native lung low attenuation volumes (LAVs) at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years were 1097 ± 493, 1320 ± 601, 1292 ± 497, 1203 ± 508 and 1321 ± 432 ml, respectively. There was no significant difference among the years. (B) The transplanted lung LAVs at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years were 17.7± 26.2, 17.5 ± 33.4, 12.7 ± 18.7, 19.0 ± 33.8 and 29.4 ± 65.8 ml, respectively. There was no significant difference among the years. (C) The percentages of LAV in the native lung (native lung LAV%) at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years were 42.1 ± 13.7, 43.2 ± 13.2, 41.9 ± 12.2, 39.7 ± 13.3 and 46.0 ± 12.7%, respectively. Native lung LAV% showed no significant change over time. Native lung LAV% = native lung LAV/native lung volume × 100.
Fig 5.
Rate of changes in low attenuation volumes of the native lung.
(A) The rate of changes in the low attenuation volumes of the native lung (native lung LAV) at each year standardized by the native lung LAV at 1 year were 0, 17.8 ± 19.3, 13.3 ± 14.2, 1.9 ± 8.4 and 13.9 ± 18.1% (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years), respectively. (B) The rate of change in the native lung LAV in each case at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years. Six of 9 cases showed the increase of rate of change in the native lung LAV% over year.
Fig 6.
Correlations between native lung volume/total lung volume ratio and forced expiratory volume in 1 second %predicted.
(A) There was no significant correlation between native lung volume/total lung volume (N/T) ratio and forced expiratory volume in 1 second %predicted (%FEV1) at 1 year after single lung transplantation (SLT). (B) N/T ratio did not show a significant correlation with %FEV1 at 5 years after SLT.
Fig 7.
Correlations between rate of change in native lung volume/total lung volume ratio and change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second %predicted.
There was a significant negative correlation between rate of change in native lung volume/total lung volume (N/T) ratio and that in forced expiratory volume in 1 second %predicted (%FEV1) at 5 year after single lung transplantation (SLT).