Fig 1.
Sketch of the experimental set-up, with three replicates for each experiment.
The three replicates were containers where water temperatures were reproduced. The containers were isolated from the exterior, while a temperature controller supplied water through tubes to maintain the experimental temperature in the containers.
Table 1.
Temperature change rates for the acclimation and reversible acclimation experiments.
Table 2.
Temperature change rates for acclimation and re-acclimation conditions studied.
Fig 2.
Effects of TCR on FC of D. magna.
A) FC (F, in ml ind-1 h-1) of D. magna in the forward (continuous lines), from 20 to 15 or 25°C, and the backward (dashed lines), from 15 or 25°C to 20°C, temperature changes for four TCRs: V1, V2, V3 and V4. The upper continuous grey line corresponds to the FC achieved after acclimation of D. magna individuals to the corresponding temperature. B) FC (F, in ml ind-1 h-1) of D. magna in the forward (continuous lines), from 20 to 11 or 29°C, and the backward (dashed lines), from 11 or 29°C to 20°C, temperature changes for four TCRs: V1’, V2’, V3’ and V4’. The upper continuous grey line corresponds to the FC achieved after acclimation of D. magna individuals to the corresponding temperature. C): FC (F, in ml ind-1 h-1) of D. magna as a function of TCR (°C/day) for the different temperatures and for the analysed TCRs: V1, V2, V3, V4, for 15°C and 25°C and V1’, V2’, V3’, V4’, for 11°C and 29°C. D): FC (F, in ml ind-1 h-1) of D. magna obtained for the backward temperature changes (re-establishment of the optimal temperature of 20°C) after the different exposures to temperatures of 11, 15, 25 or 29°C, at three TCRs. The attached images are captures from the video recordings taken after 4 days of exposure to three different temperatures (15, 20 and 25°C). In all the figures each point represents the mean filtration capacity, F, for the different replicates and the corresponding standard deviation.
Fig 3.
Thermal acclimation of D. magna.
A): FC (F, in ml ind-1 h-1) of D. magna as a function of the days exposed to the final temperature (light blue lines: 15°C, red lines: 25°C, dark blue lines: 11°C, and brown lines: 29°C) at three TCRs (circles: V2 or V2’, triangles: V3 or V3’, and squares: V4 or V4’). B): FC (F, in ml ind-1 h-1) of D. magna as a function of the re-exposure days to the optimal temperature (20°C), after acclimation to experimental temperatures (light blue line: 15°C, red line: 25°C, and dark blue line: 11°C). In the all figures each point represents the mean filtration capacity, F, for the different replicates and the corresponding standard deviation.