Fig 1.
Main effect of country on the subjective happiness level.
The bar graph shows the rating scores on each criterion of the Subjective Happiness Scale, including the mean total score (subjective happiness level), general happiness, relative happiness, optimistic bias, and pessimistic bias. Each column and its error bars represent the mean ± standard error of the mean; * p < 0.05.
Fig 2.
Main effect of country on situation-specific happiness.
The bar graph shows the rating scores for each criterion of our original questionnaire. Each column and its error bars represent the mean ± standard error of the mean; ** p < 0.01.
Fig 3.
Interaction effect of country and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) genotype on the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) score.
Each column represents the mean SHS total (A), optimistic bias (B), or pessimistic bias (C) score for each CNR1 genotype (CC, CT, TT) in the Japan and Canada samples. * p < 0.05 vs. TT genotype in Japanese participants. † p < 0.05 vs. CT genotype in Canadian participants. ‡ p < 0.05 vs. CC genotype in Canadian participants.
Table 1.
Effects of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) polymorphisms on the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) scores in Japanese and Canadian participants.
Fig 4.
Interaction effect of country and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) genotype on situation-specific happiness.
Each column represents the mean score of happiness accompanying being surrounded by happy people for each CNR1 genotype (CC, CT, TT) in the Japan and Canada samples. ** p < 0.01 vs. TT genotype in Canadian participants., † p < 0.05 vs. CC genotype in Japanese participants.
Table 2.
Effects of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) polymorphisms on situation-specific happiness in Japanese and Canadian participants.