Table 1.
Mean (SD) baseline characteristics of participants.
Table 2.
Mean (SD) response accuracy (ACC) and response time (RT) in N-back WM.
Fig 1.
Time-frequency plots (Fz, Cz, and Pz sensors) of mean N-back test.
This is a 3D plot with time reference to stimulus onset (x axis in ms), frequency (y axis in Hz), and power (color scale in dB units) during 0-back (A) and 2-back (B) test. The rectangle indicates the representative alpha ERDs (250~750 ms, 8~15 Hz) that were compared between CH-NAT and CH-PAT groups in Fz, Cz, and Pz sensors. Alpha ERDs were lower during 0-back in CH-PAT (-1.93+/-1.77, N = 14) vs. CH-NAT (-0.56+/-1.29, N = 10) participants in Fz sensor, p = 0.0498. Column 1 shows power from Fz, column 2 Cz, and column 3 Pz.
Table 3.
Comparison of alpha ERD in the Fig 1 boxed regions between CH-NAT and CH-PAT during 0-back test.
Table 4.
Comparison of alpha ERD between CH-NAT and CH-PAT during 2-back test.
Fig 2.
Topoplots of mean alpha power during resting, 0-back baseline, and 2-back baseline.
Alpha power in dB units is based on the color scale on the right side. There were no significant differences between CH-NAT and CH-PATs, either during resting, 0-back baseline, or 2-back baseline.
Table 5.
Comparison of mean (SD) alpha power during resting and WM baseline.
Fig 3.
Topoplots of mean alpha power during baseline and during ERD for different load condition, by CSF group.
Alpha power is in dB units based on the colored scale bar on the up-left region on each panel; p values based on the pink scale bar are on the right and bottom side A and B. Alpha power during 0-back (A) and 2-back (B) at baseline and ERD window in the two groups CH-NAT and CH-PATs (p values of the within group differences are shown in the right column; p values of the between group differences are shown on the bottom rows in A & B).
Table 6.
Mean (SD) alpha power at baseline and ERD during 0-back.
Table 7.
Mean (SD) alpha power at baseline and ERD during 2-back.
Table 8.
Statistic summary for alpha power comparison between groups with 3-level challenge (resting, 0-back, and 2-back) and 5 regions (F, C, LT, RT, and P).
Table 9.
Statistic summary for alpha power comparison between groups with 3-level challenge (resting, 0-back, and 2-back).
Table 10.
Statistic summary for frontal alpha power comparison between groups with 3-level challenge (resting, 0-back, and 2-back).
Fig 4.
Topoplots of mean alpha spectral entropy (SE) during resting, 0-back baseline, or 2-back baseline.
Alpha SE represented by the color scale on the right side. There were no significant differences for alpha SE between CH-NAT and CH-PATs, either during resting, baseline for 0-back, or baseline for 2-back.
Table 11.
Comparison of mean (SD) alpha SE during resting and WM baseline.
Fig 5.
Topoplots of mean alpha SE during baseline and during ERD for different load conditions, by group.
Alpha SE was shown in values based on the colored scale bar on up-left region on each panel; p values were shown based on the pink scale bar on the right and bottom side on each panel. Alpha SE during 0-back (A) and 2-back (B) at baseline and ERD window in the two groups CH-NAT and CH-PATs (p values of the within group differences are shown in the right column; p values of the between group differences are shown on the bottom row).
Table 12.
Mean (SD) alpha SE at baseline and ERD window during 0-back.
Table 13.
Mean (SD) alpha SE at baseline and ERD during 2-back.