Table 1.
Summary on selected allergen families.
A * indicates prolamin superfamily [5], however only nsLTPs are taken into account.
Fig 1.
Comparison of Der p 1.0101 and Blot 1.0101.
(A) Sequence alignment of Der p 1.0101 and Blo t 1.0101 made with Clustal Omega. Similar residues are marked with bold font type. Similarity definition corresponds to a default setting of the SIAS server. Identical residues are marked in red, while residues marked in light blue correspond to the difference between similar and identical residues. Consensus line corresponds to the similarity definition used by Clustal Omega. It is important to note that the similarity definition used by SIAS is more conservative than the one used by Clustal Omega. (B) Similar amino acids (blue) marked on the structure of Der p 1. The structure is shown in ribbon (top) and space-filling representation (bottom). (C) Identical amino acids (red) mapped on the structure of Der p 1. Residues marked in light blue correspond to the difference between similar and identical residues. We assume that only half of the amino acids marked in light blue (similar, but not identical) will participate in the binding of cross-reactive antibodies. A-RISC index for Der p 1.0101 and Blo t 1.0101pair has a value of 0.37. Figures B and C were generated in Pymol [37].
Fig 2.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from the papain-like cysteine protease family.
Comparison of other family members to Der p 1.0101 (A) and Blo t 1.0101 (B). Allergens originating from plants are shown in green. Red, gray and dark green dashed lines indicate 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity respectively, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 3.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from the papain-like cysteine protease family.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 4.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from the NPC2 family.
Comparison of family members to Der p 2.0101 (A) and Blo t 2.0101 (B). Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 5.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from the NPC2 family.
Comparison of family members to Der f 35.0101 (A) and Lep d 2.0101 (B). Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 6.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from the NPC2 family.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 7.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from serum albumin family.
Comparison of family members to Fel d 2.0101 (A) and Bos d 6.0101 (B). Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 8.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from the serum albumin family of proteins.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 9.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from the pectate lyase family of proteins.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 10.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from pectate lyase family.
Comparison of family members to Amb a 1.0101 (A) and Jun a 1.0101 (B). Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 11.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from lipocalin family of proteins.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 12.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from lipocalin family of proteins.
Comparison of family members to Can f 1.0101. Allergens originating from Arthropods are marked in purple, while mammalian lipocalins are shown in blue. Red, gray and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 13.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from lipocalin family of proteins.
Comparison of family members to Equ c 1.0101. Allergens originating from Arthropods are marked in purple, while mammalian lipocalins are shown in blue. Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 14.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from the β-expansin family and expansin-related proteins.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 15.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from β-expansin family of proteins.
Comparison of family members to Phl p 2.0101. Temperate grasses are marked in green, while subtropical grasses are marked in blue. Red, gray and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 16.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from β-expansin family of proteins.
Comparison of family members to Phl p 1.0101. Temperate grasses are marked in green, while subtropical grasses are marked in blue. Red, gray and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 17.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from Group V/VI grass pollen allergens.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 18.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from Group V/VI grass pollen family.
Comparison of family members to Phl p 6.0101 (A) and Phl p 5.0101 (B). Red, gray and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 19.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from profilin family of proteins.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 20.
Plots showing a relative homology of allergens from profilin family.
Comparison of family members to Bet v 2.0101. Only selected members of the family are labeled. Red and gray dashed lines indicate respectively 75% and 50% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, and 0.50 A-RISC values.
Fig 21.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from nsLTP family.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 22.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from nsLTP family.
Comparison of the family members to Art v 3.0201. Red, gray and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 23.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from nsLTP family.
Comparison of the family members to Ara h 9.0101. Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 24.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from nsLTP family.
Comparison of the family members to Pru p 3.0101. Red, gray and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 25.
Plot showing A-RISC index values for allergen pairs from PR-10 (Bet v 1-like) family.
Red color indicates a high risk of cross-reactivity, a dark green color indicates a low risk of cross-reactivity, and intermediate colors correspond to a medium risk of cross-reactivity.
Fig 26.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from PR-10 (Bet v 1-like) family.
Comparison of the family members to Api g 1.0101. Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 27.
Plots showing relative homology and A-RISC indexes of allergens from PR-10 (Bet v 1-like) family.
Comparison of the family members to Bet v 1.0101. Red, gray, and dark green dashed lines indicate respectively 75%, 50% and 25% sequence identity and similarity, or 0.75, 0.50 and 0.25 A-RISC values.
Fig 28.
Comparison of Bet v 1.0101 with Act d 11.0101, Ara h 8.0101 and Cor a 1.0101.
Identical amino acids (red) mapped on the structure of Bet v 1. Residues marked in light blue correspond to the difference between similar and identical residues.
Fig 29.
A-RISC indexes for various allergen families.
Gray bars correspond to observed A-RISC ranges. The black horizontal lines indicate an average A-RISC index for a family.