Table 1.
Statistics from the mixed effect linear model (MIXED) analysis of the population abundance and parasitism rate of cotton aphids in different seasons and years.
Fig 1.
Population dynamics of cotton aphids and their level of parasitism in Korla, China (2015–2017).
The data in the figures were shown as the mean ± SE.
Fig 2.
Population dynamics of cotton aphids and their level of parasitism in Changji, China (2016 and 2017).
The data in the figures were shown as the mean ± SE.
Fig 3.
Population dynamics of cotton aphids and their level of parasitism in Aksu, China (2016 and 2017).
The data in the figures were shown as the mean ± SE.
Fig 4.
The composition of the primary parasitoids (A) and hyperparasitoids (B) associated with the cotton aphids in Xinjiang, China, in 2015–2017. Note: short name for the different primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoid species. Primary parasitoids: B. communis: Binodoxys communis; L. fabarum: Lysiphlebus fabarum; T. asiaticus: Trioxys asiaticus; P. barbatum: Praon barbatum. Hyperparasitoids: Al. brevis: Alloxysta brevis; Al. chinsensis: Alloxysta chinensis; Al. tscheki: Alloxysta tscheki; D. carpenter: Dendrocerus carpenter; D. laticeps: Dendrocerus laticeps; P. aphidis: Pachyneuron aphidis; S. aphidivorus: Syrphophagus aphidivorus; S. sp.: Syrphophagus sp.; S. taeniatus: Syrphophagus taeniatus; P. villosa: Phaenoglyphis villosa; As. suspensus: Asaphes suspensus; Al. pusilla: Alloxysta pusilla.
Fig 5.
The cotton aphid primary parasitoid (A) and hyperparasitoid (B) diversity and composition in the seedling period (June) and the flowering period (July-August). Note: short name for the different primary parasitoid and hyperparasitoid species. Primary parasitoids: B. communis: Binodoxys communis; L. fabarum: Lysiphlebus fabarum; T. asiaticus: Trioxys asiaticus; P. barbatum: Praon barbatum. Hyperparasitoids: Al. brevis: Alloxysta brevis; Al. chinensis: Alloxysta chinensis; Al. tscheki: Alloxysta tscheki; D. carpenter: Dendrocerus carpenter; D. laticeps: Dendrocerus laticeps; P. aphidis: Pachyneuron aphidis; S. aphidivorus: Syrphophagus aphidivorus; S. sp.: Syrphophagus sp.; S. taeniatus: Syrphophagus taeniatus; P. villosa: Phaenoglyphis villosa; As. suspensus: Asaphes suspensus; Al. pusilla: Alloxysta pusilla.