Fig 1.
Location of sampling area at the EMEND research project in Northern Alberta, Canada.
Table 1.
Environmental characteristics (mean ± SE) that differ significantly by cover type (deciduous-dominated (DD), mixed (MX) and conifer-dominated (CD) stands), stage (mature and regenerating forests) and their interaction.
Variables with no significant difference can be found in S5 Table.
Fig 2.
Total variation of a) habitat heterogeneity and b) spider, c) staphylinid and d) carabid beta diversity partitioned across scales: between-cover types (b-T), between-stands (b-S), between-plots (b-P) and within-plots (w-P) in mature and regenerating stands.
Table 2.
Final environmental models and selected environmental variables for each arthropod group and development stage.
Fig 3.
Mean (±SE) sums of squares of habitat characteristics and species composition matrices between- and within-plots for each cover type x management stage combination.
Deciduous stands are indicated by white symbols, mixed stands by grey symbols and coniferous stands by black symbols. Mature stands are indicated by circles and regenerating stands by triangles. Large letters (A,B) indicate significant differences between stages, small letters (a,b) indicate significant differences among cover types as determined by permutational ANOVA.