Table 1.
Stigma survey items and source.
Table 2.
Characteristics of study participants.
Fig 1.
Total and subscale stigma scores at baseline and first follow-up visits.
Fig 1: Top-panel: Comparison of mean baseline stigma scores and stigma scores at first follow-up visit for all respondents. Error bars represent standard error. All differences are significant: total stigma [t(505) = 31.88, P<0.0001], perceived stigma [t(599) = 35.61, P<0.0001], internalized stigma [t(330) = 10.70, P<0.0001), enacted stigma [t(563) = 29.65, P<0.0001], disclosure fears [t(472) = 15.69, P<0.0001]. Bottom panel: Scatter plots of the proportion with at least one stigma indicating response across visits and the mean stigma scores for all respondents with local regression lines using LOESS method and span = 0.2. X-axis labels are the study visit followed by the number of participants sampled at that visit. Later study enrollees have not yet reached visits 6, 7 and 8. Gray bands represent 95% confidence intervals. All follow-up visits are significantly different from the baseline-visit (F8,1941 = 282.1, p<0.0001), and do not significantly differ from each other (F7, 1643 = 1.145, p = 0.33).
Fig 2.
Stigma subscale scores at all study visits.
Fig 2: Scatter plots of stigma sub-scores across visits with local regression lines using LOESS method and span = 0.2. X-axis labels are the study visit, followed by the number of participants sampled at that visit. Later study enrollees have not yet reached visits 6, 7 and 8. Gray bands represent 95% confidence intervals. Follow-up visits are not statistically different in the sub-scores: perceived-external stigma (F7,1643 = 1.516, p = 0.152), internalized stigma (F7, 1643 = 0.924, p = 0.487), and enacted stigma (F7, 1643 = 1.14, p = 0.335). The disclosure concern score at visit 6, 1.81, was greater than the score at visit 1, 0.74 (F7,1643 = 2.042, p = 0.0469).
Fig 3.
Trend in baseline total stigma scores over time.
Fig 3: Comparison in baseline stigma scores of participants enrolled in the different quartiles of enrollment. X-axis labels are the date range for each quartile of enrollment followed by the number of participants recruited in the quartile in parentheses.
Fig 4.
Changes in baseline total and subscale stigma scores during Ebola re-emergence events.
Fig 4: Scatter plots of baseline stigma score data with local regression lines using LOESS method and span = 0.2. Vertical lines represent Ebola re-emergence. Gray bands represent 95% confidence intervals.