Fig 1.
Macroscopic wound closure in the control rats (A) and the rats treated daily with palmitoleic acid (B). Representative photos and wound area values recorded over a 12-day period. (C) Wound closure velocity (mm2/day) and (D) ratios of integrated wound closure area with or without palmitoleic treatment. Values are expressed as the mean±SEM of at least 10 animals per group. *p≤0.05 versus control, as indicated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey’s test.
Fig 2.
Neutrophil influx into air pouches after palmitoleic acid (100 mM) injection. LPS (5 μg/mL) was used as a positive control. Values are presented as the means±SEM of eight animals per group. **p<0.01 for comparisons between treatments with fatty acids and control, as indicated.
Fig 3.
Cytokine release into air pouches after palmitoleic acid (100 mM) injection. LPS (5 μg/mL) was used as a positive control. Values are presented as the means±SEM of eight animals per group. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001 for comparisons between treatments with fatty acids and control, as indicated by ANOVA and Dunnett’s test.
Fig 4.
Cytokines concentration in wound.
Kinetic profiles of cytokine concentrations in the control (PBS) and treated rats (PALM) measured before (0), 4 hours (4), 24 hours (24), 48 hours (48), 72 hours (72) and 120 hours (120) after wound induction. Values are presented as the mean±SE of at least 8 animals per group.