Fig 1.
Modern vegetation map with vegetation belts.
(A) Middle subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, (B) southern subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, (C) northern tropical semi-evergreen forest and tropical moist forest, and (D) southern tropical monsoon forest and tropical moist rainforest. Maximum exposed continental shelf during the period of low sea level (-120 m) is represented by the white shaded area. The figure is modified from [6]. The digital vegetation map was downloaded from http://bioval.jrc.ec.europa.eu, and the vegetation belts are based on [26].
Fig 2.
Comparison between typical exine sculptures of oak fossil pollen in MD05-2906 core.
Scale bar = 10 μm.
Fig 3.
A-C are from No. 0089–03 sample that is also shown in Fig 2C; D-F are from No. 0089–13 sample. Scale bar = 10 μm in D, 2 μm in A and E, 1 μm in B, C and F.
Fig 4.
Verrucate and micro-verrucate ornamentation.
A is from No. 0104–03 sample (corresponding to Fig 2E), B and C are from No. 0155–07 sample (corresponding to Fig 2D). D-E are from No. 0123–01 sample (corresponding to Fig 2B). F is from No. 0155–04 sample. Scale bar = 2 μm in B and D, 1 μm in A, C, E and F.
Fig 5.
Rodlike vertical ornamentations.
Scale bar = 2 μm in A and B, 1 μm in C.
Fig 6.
Rodlike masked ornamentations.
A and B are from No. 0155–05 sample (corresponding to Fig 2A). C is from No. 0166–3 sample. Scale bar = 2 μm in A, 1 μm in B and C.
Fig 7.
Numbers of Quercus pollen grains found in different tectum types, subgenus taxa, and life forms.