Fig 1.
Larval growth rate (mg/d) of Melitaea cinxia on well-watered and water-stressed host plants.
Larvae fed on well-watered and water-stressed host plant are displayed in green and orange fill, respectively.
Table 1.
Effect of plant water stress and bacterial infection on the larval life-history traits, immunity, and microbiota of M. cinxia. Significant p-values are given in bold.
Fig 2.
Immune gene expression of larvae fed on well-watered and water-stressed host plants.
Larvae fed on well-watered and water-stressed host plants are displayed in green and orange fill, respectively.
Fig 3.
Canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) of the fungal β-diversity among guts of Melitaea cinxia fed with well-watered or water-stressed host plants.
Larvae fed on well-watered or water-stressed host plants are represented in green and orange respectively.
Fig 4.
Heterogeneity of the bacterial community in the gut of Melitaea cinxia.
Distances from the group centroid represent the heterogeneity of the bacterial community within each group. Larvae fed on well-watered or water-stressed host plants are represented in green and orange respectively.