Fig 1.
The experimental setup, in which the seated participant wore a virtual reality HMD.
The experimenter’s monitor replicated the participant’s view of the virtual scene.
Fig 2.
The solid line represents the displacement of the left forearm through flexion-extension of the left arm by the motorised manipulandum.
Fig 3.
The upper panels show the participant’s view (i.e. a first-person perspective) when the avatar’s forearms were visible (A) or masked (B). The lower panels show a third-person perspective of the virtual environment when the avatar’s forearms were visible (C) or masked (D).
Table 1.
The mean ± SD occurrence, speed and duration of the kinaesthetic illusion under each of the experimental conditions.
Fig 4.
The mean speed of the illusion, as a function of the sensory condition (bimodal, vision, and proprioception) and the movement direction condition (extension and flexion).
* p <0.05, *** p<0.001. The error bars correspond to the standard error of the mean.
Fig 5.
The mean duration of the illusion, expressed in percentage, as a function of the sensory condition (bimodal, vision, and proprioception) and the movement direction condition (extension and flexion).
*** p<0.001, NS: non significant. The error bars correspond to the standard error of the mean.