Table 1.
Allele-specific markers for alleles at the major vernalization and photoperiod response genes, primer sequence, PCR product size, annealing temperature and citation for the markers used in this study for the use of genotyping.
Table 2.
Frequency of genotypes with different photoperiod and vernalization alleles at the major loci for 203 genotypes in the diversity panel.
Fig 1.
Dendrogram of genotype loci combinations.
In clock wise order; Ppd-A1b/ Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1b/vrn-A1/vrn-B1/ vrn-D1/vrn-B3 (green), Ppd-A1b/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1b/Vrn-A1a/vrn-B1/vrn-D1/vrn-B3 (red), Ppd-A1a/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1b/vrn-A1/vrn-B1/vrn-D1/vrn-B3 (blue), Ppd-A1a/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1a/vrn-A1/vrn-B1/vrn-D1/vrn-B3 (yellow), Ppd-A1b/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1a/vrn-A1/vrn-B1/vrn-D1/vrn-B3 (Purple), Ppd-A1b/Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1b/vrn-A1/Vrn-B1/Vrn-D1/ vrn-B3 (Pink).
Fig 2.
Box plots representing the frequency distribution of genotypes in three Ppd-A1, Ppd-D1 and Vrn-A1 genotypic groups for phenotypic traits observed in the field trials during 2015 and 2016 in Ontario, Canada.
*, **, and *** represent significant differences at 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001, respectively. n = Number of genotypes in each group. In each box-plot, solid dots represent outliers. Each box represents the interquartile range, which contains 50% of the values. The whiskers are lines that extend from the box to the highest and lowest values, excluding outliers. The dashed and solid lines across the box indicate the median and mean, respectively. GDD: Growing Degree Days. TKW: Thousand-Kernel Weight (g). GFP: Grain Filling Period.
Table 3.
Mixed model analysis of variance of 208 genotypes in a diversity panel for phenotypic traits observed in 2015 and 2016 field trials planted in Elora and Woodstock Ontario locations.
(Fixed effect DF = 207, Loci effect DF = 1).
Table 4.
Pearson’s coefficient of correlations (above) and their significance probability (below) for pair-wise phenotypic traits observed in 2015 and 2016 field trials in Elora and Woodstock locations.
Fig 3.
Biplot of the principle component analysis of the genotype by trait matrixes for 2015 and 2016 for 203 genotypes tested in fall-seeded trials in Ontario, Canada.