Fig 1.
DAPI-inverted karyotype of Glyphorynchus spirurus showing the localization of the corresponding chromosome probes of Gallus gallus (left) and Burhinus oedicnemus (right). Arrows (pair 1) represent rDNA 18S gene and arrowhead (pair 5) represents histone H5 mapping. Asterisks indicate the centromeres of the subtelocentric chromosomes. Note that an unambiguous identification and ordering of microchromosomes, especially chromosomes 21–39, is beyond the scope of this paper due to the lack of reliable markers.
Fig 2.
Physical mapping of Histone H5 sequences in Glyphorynchus spirurus.
Staining with DAPI and CY3. Arrows indicate the gene location on chromosome pair 5.
Fig 3.
Physical mapping of rDNA 18S sequences in Glyphorynchus spirurus visualized with Cy3-avidin (red) and/or FITC-avidin (green).
Chromosomes were stained with DAPI (blue). Arrows indicate the NOR on chromosome pair 1.
Fig 4.
Chromosome painting with Gallus gallus whole chromosome probes to Glyphorynchus spirurus.
A) GGA-2 (pairs 2, 5 and W); B) GGA-3 (pair 1); C) GGA-4 (pairs 6 and 10) and D) GGA-8 (pair 11 and W). Probes are visualized with avidin-Cy3 (red) and or avidin-FITC (green). Chromatin is stained with DAPI (blue).
Fig 5.
Chromosome painting with Burhinus oedicnemus whole chromosome probes to Glyphorynchus spirurus.
A) BOE-2 (pairs 2 and 5); B) BOE-14 (pairs 7 and 11); C) BOE-Z (Chromosome Z, W and one michrocromosome) and D) BOE-6 (pair 9). The nomenclature to BOE probes follows Nie et al. [17]. Probes are visualized with avidin-Cy3 (red). Chromatin is stained with DAPI (blue). Note that the assignment of BOE probes to microchromosome remains highly tentative due to the difficulty in identification of Glyphorynchus spirurus microchromosomes.
Table 1.
Chromosomal correspondence between Burhinus oedicnemus, Gallus gallus and Glyphorynchus spirurus revealed by FISH with BOE chromosome-specific paints.
Note that the chromosomal correspondence between the BOE and GGA was based on Nie et al. [17].
Fig 6.
Ideogram showing fission/fusion rearrangements to Gallus gallus chromosomes in Glyphorynchus spirurus: A) GGA-1 fission generating two chromosomes in GSP; B) GGA-2 fission in GSP (GSP-2 and 5), and C) GGA-3 Robertsonian fusion with a microchromosome in GSP-1.