Fig 1.
Clinical presentation of implanted intravenous port after chemotherapy.
A: Fibrin deposit (Injection chamber, B’Braun Fr 6.5). B: Catheter tip clot (Open tip catheter, B’Braun Fr 6.5). C: Catheter clot (Valved tip; Bard Fr. 8). D: Catheter tip clot (Valved tip; Bard Fr. 8).
Fig 2.
Equipment and simulation set up.
Table 1.
Irrigation volume test.
Fig 3.
Residual protein after irrigation.
A. Bard Port Fr. 6.6 (Catheter length 25 cm, Total volume: 0.5 ml) + Puncture needle (with connecting tube, volume 0.2 ml). B. Bard Port Fr. 6.6 (Catheter length 25 cm, Total volume: 0.5 ml) + Puncture needle (without connecting tube). C. Bard Port Fr. 6.6 (Catheter length 60 cm, Total volume: 0.78ml) + Puncture needle (with connecting tube, volume 0.2 ml). D. Bard Port Fr. 6.6 (Catheter length 60 cm, Total volume: 0.78 ml) + Puncture needle (without connecting tube).
Fig 4.
Blood retained in Y-connector of non-coring puncture needle.
A. Irrigated with low flow rate (19 ml/min). B. Irrigated with fast flow rate (38 ml/min). More gross visible blood was retained in Y-connector because of the vortex.
Table 2.
Irrigation rate test.