Fig 1.
Optic disc, peripapillary retina (a-b) and macular area (c-d) studied during OCTA. (a) ONH and circumpapillary VD map measurement region defined: D–ONH (Inside Disc), SN–superonasal, ST–superotemporal, N–nasal T–temporal, IN–inferornasal, IT–inferotemporal. Peripapillary area: SN + ST + T + IT + IN + N. wiVD Disc: D + Peripapillary area. (c) Fovea (F) and circumparafovea VD map measurement region defined: S–superior, N–nasal, I–inferior sector, T–temporal. wiVD Macula: F+ circumparafovea; (b) and (d) VD color-coded maps of: ONH and circumpapillary area (b) and fovea and circumparafovea (d) divided into quadrants according to grid-based protocol; the figure without brackets specifies the column number, the figure in brackets–the row number, t–temporal, n–nasal.
Table 1.
Characteristics of normal subjects and subjects with glaucoma.
Fig 2.
Clinical examples of the normal controls, early glaucoma, and severe glaucoma.
GCC map and RNFL thickness map (Fig 2A), SAP visual field results showing corresponding visual field defects (Fig 2C), PVEP-protocols (Fig 2D), PERG-protocols (Fig 2E). Fig 2B show a stepwise decrease of vessel density both in the circumpapillary VD map and Fovea and circumparafovea VD map (wiVD Disc is reduced from 54.25% (normal eye) to 52.26% (early glaucoma) to 42.17% (severe glaucoma); wiVD Macula Superficial is reduced from 52.56% (normal eye) to 41.95% (early glaucoma) to 41.29% (severe glaucoma). Fig 2D show a stepwise decrease of the amplitude and prolonged latency of P100 component of PVEP and Fig 2E show a decrease of the amplitude and prolonged latency of N95 component of PERG in glaucoma eyes compared to normal eye.
Table 2.
Vessel density measurements of study participants.
Table 3.
Electrophysiological parameters in the studied groups.
Fig 3.
Correlations between the electrophysiological data and Focal Loss Volume of GCC: (a) amplitude P50 tPERG, (b) amplitude P100 PVEP in early POAG.
Table 4.
Correlations between the electrophysiological data and OCTA parameters in moderate to severe POAG.
Fig 4.
Correlations between the average peripapillary VD and visual field indexes: (a) mean deviation (MD), (b) pattern standard deviation (PSD) in early glaucoma.
Fig 5.
Correlation between the vessel density in the superficial retinal plexus of macula and the GCC thickness in the inferior hemisphere.
Table 5.
Correlations between the OCTA data and the choroidal thickness in early glaucoma.
Table 6.
Diagnostic ability of studied clinical parameters in differentiating early POAG from healthy eyes.
Table 7.
Diagnostic ability of studied clinical parameters in differentiating early glaucoma from moderate to severe glaucoma.