Fig 1.
Biosynthetic schema for cannabinoids.
This schema is derived from pathways reviewed in [2].
Table 1.
Linear calibration parameters for quantification of terpenoids and cannabinoids.
Table 2.
Primers for qRT-PCR analysis.
Fig 2.
GC-FID separation of terpenoids and cannabinoids.
Peaks are labeled with the Peak ID code. A. Mixture of 21 terpenoid and 6 cannabinoid chemical standards separated by GC-FID. B. Sample was extracted from C-Plus, a strain of Cannabis with approximately equal abundances of CBD (C3) and Δ9-THC (C4).
Table 3.
Inflorescence cannabinoid content of Cannabis plants cultivated in a greenhouse.
Table 4.
Leaf cannabinoid content of Cannabis plants cultivated in a greenhouse.
Fig 3.
Accumulation of Δ9-THC in organs of Sour Willie or Bohdi Tree following floral induction.
Δ9-THC levels in samples collected from Sour Willie (A, B) or Bohdi Tree (C, D) at days post-induction are represented. Panels A and C report average (n = 3) Δ9-THC levels in floral samples (solid line) and leaf samples (dotted line). Panels B and D report Δ9-THC levels in floral samples from the top of the plant (solid) or bottom of the plant (dotted line).
Fig 4.
Paired comparisons of CBD levels in leaf and floral samples of Cannabis plants.
Flowers and leaves were collected from 16 Cannabis strains. The Δ9-THC dominant strains fall within the red circle, while the CBD co-dominant strains fall within the blue circle.
Fig 5.
Paired comparisons of total cannabinoid and total terpenoid levels.
Cured trimmed flowers were extracted and the terpenoid and cannabinoid composition determined by GC-FID. The total values for cannabinoids and terpenoids in each sample were plotted.
Fig 6.
Hierarchical clustering of medical Cannabis strains based on floral terpenoid composition.
The relative abundance of 19 terpenoids detected by GC-FID in cured floral samples from 72 medical Cannabis strains were used to generate the tree using the agglomerative hierarchical clustering method in the XLSTAT plug-in for Excel. Pie charts of a sample terpenoid composition for individuals within each clade are shown at the branch points, terpenoid composition is indicated by numerical code (Table 1, 1 = T1, 2 = T2, etc). Terpenoid types are identified: α- and β-pinene, Pin; β-myrcene, Myr; β-caryophyllene, C; d-limonene, L; terpinolene, Terp.
Fig 7.
Transcript accumulation in leaf samples of cannabinoid biosynthetic genes.
Leaf RNA from the indicated strains were assayed in triplicate by qRT-PCR, using primers for CBDAS (black), for THCAS (purple) or prenyl transferase (blue).
Fig 8.
Transcript accumulation of cannabinoid biosynthetic genes during floral development.
RNA was isolated from flowers collected from the indicated strains at early (blue), middle (orange) or late (purple) after the floral induction phase. Triplicate RNA isolations were assayed by qRT-PCR, using primers for THCAS (A), CBDAS (B) or prenyl transferase (C).