Fig 1.
Location of the sampled localities of Calotriton asper populations.
Location of the sampled localities of Calotriton asper populations (the colors correspond to the distinct habitat types; blue: streams; green: caves; red: lakes). See Table 1 for details on each locality.
Table 1.
Geographical information and genetic diversity for Calotriton asper populations.
Geographical information and estimates of genetic diversity parameters for each Calotriton asper population and cluster defined by STRUCTURE analysis. Altitude in meters; N, sample size; Na: number of alleles per locus; Ar, allelic richness; PA, number of private alleles; PAAr, allelic richness of private alleles; FIS, inbreeding coefficient; HO, observed heterozygosity; HE, expected heterozygosity. Values in bold indicate statistical significance after Bonferroni’s correction.
Fig 2.
PCA plot based on nine environmental and geographical variables related to the genetic diversity.
PCA plot based on four environmental variables and five geographical variables related to the genetic diversity measures (Ar, HO and HE) describing the Calotriton asper populations.
Fig 3.
Linear regressions between the genetic diversity across the selected environmental and geographical variables.
Linear regressions between the three genetic diversity indices (Ar, HO and HE) across the longitude (A) and altitude (B) ranges, variable BIO8 (C) and the three distinct habitat types (D) of Calotriton asper populations.
Fig 4.
Genetic structure of the 44 Calotriton asper populations.
Genetic structure of the 44 Calotriton asper populations. A) Results of Bayesian clustering and individual assignment analysis obtained with STRUCTURE at K = 2 including all Calotriton asper populations (above), the western Pyrenean populations with K = 2 and the central-eastern Pyrenean populations with K = 3. Each individual is represented by a thin bar corresponding to the sum of assignment probabilities to the K cluster. Black bars separate populations. B) Map of the five genetic clusters.
Table 2.
Pairwise FST values among Calotriton asper genetic clusters.
Pairwise FST values among Calotriton asper genetic clusters by STRUCTURE analysis. All p<0.0001.
Fig 5.
IBD for the total dataset and within clusters.
Isolation-by-distance for the total dataset (A), within cluster 1 (B) and within cluster 2 (C). Geographic distance is log-transformed and genetic diversity is standardized as FST/(1 − FST).