Table 1.
Primer sequences used in real-time qRT-PCR.
Fig 1.
Evaluation of stem cell phenotype.
A (Aa) Third-generation cells(x4), (Ab) Third-generation cells (x10); B Detection of cell surface marker characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells on PDLSC Analyses were performed via flow cytometry detecting FITC conjugated monoclonal antibodies for human CD29, CD90, CD105, CD146, Stro-1(Ba, Bb, Bc, Bd, Be), and negative control(Bf); C (Ca) the formation of calcified nodules, (Cb) The formation of lipid droplets.
Fig 2.
Comparison of lipid droplets formation between normal cell and experimental cell group after adipogenic induction.
(2a) Control group before stains, (2b) Experimental group before stains, (2c) Control group after stains, (2d) Experimental group after stains, (2e) Quantitative analysis of isopropanol and the levels of C/EBP beta and PPAR- gamma mRNA were elevated in the experimental group compared with the control group(*p<0.05), (2f) after adipogenic induction, the levels of PPAR-γ protein expression were elevated in the experimental group compared with the control group. N-PDLSC represents normal cell group, and T-PDLSC represents cells were treated with 25 mmol/L glucose.
Fig 3.
High-glucose inhibits the osteogenic differentiation capacity of PDLSC.
(3a) Alkaline phosphatase staining of N-PDLSC group;(3b) Alkaline phosphatase staining of T-PDLSCs group;(3c) Alizarin Red S staining of N-PDLSC group;(3d) Alizarin Red S staining of T-PDLSC group;(3e) Quantification of the amount of Alizarin red staining;(3f) The expression levels of osteoblast marker genes, including ALP, OPN, RUNX-2 in an incubation of 7 days with adipogenic medium.;(3g) The protein levels of Runx-2. N-PDLSC represents normal cell group, and T-PDLSC represents cells were treated with 25 mmol/L glucose.
Fig 4.
The gene levels of TCF/LEF family.