Table 1.
Summary of serology, skin testing and Mueller grading for the German population.
Table 2.
Summary of serology, skin testing and Mueller grading for the Slovenian mono-sensitized population.
Fig 1.
Bee and wasp venom sensitization according to allergen-extract-based serology, skin testing and molecular diagnosis.
Pie charts showing the percentages of patients with bee and wasp venom double sensitization (blue), sensitization to bee (yellow) and wasp (red) according to allergen extract-based serology (left), skin testing (middle) and molecular diagnosis (right; one subject negative: grey) in the German population (n = 67).
Fig 2.
Association of skin sensitivity and severity of sting reaction.
Large local reaction (0) and Mueller grade (1–4) of sting reactions (y-axes, medians: horizontal lines) to (A) bee and (B), (C) wasp are shown for Slovenian and German patients with identified culprit venom, and were plotted against the lowest concentration (x-axes) causing a positive reaction in skin prick (Slovenian patients) or intradermal testing (German patients).
Fig 3.
Association of venom extract or allergen-specific IgE levels and severity of sting reactions.
Specific IgE levels (medians: horizontal lines) to (A) bee and (B) wasp venom (kUA/L), (C) rApi m 1 (kUA/L), (D) rApi m 1 (ISU), (E) rVes v 5 (kUA/L), (F) rVes v 5 (ISU) were plotted against the severities of sting reactions (x-axes: Mueller grade) for Slovenian and German patients with identified culprit insect.
Fig 4.
Relation between the number of recognized allergen molecules and severity of sting reactions.
The severity of sting reactions (y-axes) is plotted against the number of recognized bee (A) or wasp allergens (B) in the bee or wasp-sensitized patients. Horizontal lines denote medians.
Fig 5.
Schematic representation of recombinant marker allergens for diagnosis of genuine IgE sensitization to bee (Api m 1, 3, 4 and 10) and wasp (Ves v 1 and 5) and cross-reactive marker allergens (Api m 2 = Ves v 2; Api m 5 = Ves v 3).