Fig 1.
Habitus of Anthroherpon, the genus with the pronounced troglomorphic characters, in comparison to another subterranean genus Sophrochaeta.
On the left: Anthroherpon stenocephalum stenocephalum, on the right: Sophrochaeta oltenica densepunctata.
Table 1.
Primers used in the study.
Table 2.
List of taxa and their geographic distributions, as included in the biogeographic analysis.
Abbreviations of geographic areas as follows: A. Golubovića pećina; B. Mravinjac; C. Zelengora; D. Lebršnik; E. Velež; F. Dobreljica; G. Moračke planine; H. Sinjajevina; I. Tebević +Jahorina; J. Bjelašnica; K. Kečina stena; L. Banja pećina; M. Durmitor, N. Orjen; O. Prokletije, P. Županska pećina. Details of the localities are given in S1 Table.
Fig 2.
Ultrametric tree of the phylogeny of the genus Anthroherpon obtained with Beast using as calibration the separation of Bathysciola zariquieyi from its sister obtained by Ribera et al. [3].
Numbers above nodes, estimated age (in MYA); every node supported by less than 100% has the support value shown. Numbers 1 and 2 in red indicate two major clades of Anthroherpon.
Fig 3.
Preferred model of biogeographic reconstruction (BAYAREALIKE+j), according to biogeographic analysis of Anthroherpon distribution.
Abbreviations of geographic areas as follows: A. Golubovića pećina; B. Mravinjac; C. Zelengora; D. Lebršnik.; E. Velež.; F. Dobreljica.; G. Moračke planine; H. Sinjajevina; I. Tebević+Jahorina; J. Bjelašnica.; K. Kečina stena; L. Banja pećina; M. Durmitor, N. Orjen; O. Prokletije, P. Županska pećina. A. taxi taxi also includes A. taxi sydowi as indicated in the Table 2.
Fig 4.
Inferred biogeographic history of Anthroherpon using the BAYAREALIKE+j model.
Geographical areas used in the analyses are marked with same letters as in Fig 3. Arrows denote dispersal directions.
Table 3.
BioGeoBEARS results for the genus Anthroherpon based on BEAST topology.
Models tested without the distances between the areas taken into account.
Table 4.
BioGeoBEARS results for the genus Anthroherpon based on BEAST topology.
Models tested with the distances between the areas (+x) taken into account.
Fig 5.
Phylomorphospaces for the genus Anthroherpon, shown for each body part separately.
Open symbols are internal nodes; filled symbols are terminal nodes. Only the two first principal components of a principal component analysis of each shape are depicted.
Fig 6.
Evolution of the lengths of the appendages (completeness sake, the genus Graciliella is also included).
A. Maxillary palps relative length; B. Legs relative length; C. Antenna relative length.
Fig 7.
Non-amplified mean differences in pronotum shape between A. weiratheri and A. harbichi, shown in dorsal (A), lateral (B), and frontal (C) view.
Fig 8.
Distribution of Anthroherpon species included in the phylogenetic reconstruction obtained with BEAST (Fig 2).
Different colours and symbols denote main clades of the phylogenetic tree. Thick grey lines show delimitation of the Dinaric karst in three main belts, from the southwest to northeast: the Low coastal Adriatic karst, the High mountain karst, and the Low continental interior karst [67].