Fig 1.
Technology flowchart of automatic tooth arrangement for complete dentures.
Fig 2.
Obtaining the individualized characteristics constraint set.
(a) Edentulous digital model; (b) premade occlusal rim digital model; (c) extracted individualized characteristics constraint set.
Table 1.
Individualized characteristics constraint information.
Fig 3.
Defining artificial tooth characteristics.
(a) Maxillary left 1st incisor; (b) maxillary left 4th premolar; (c) maxillary left 6th molar; (d) mandibular left 1st incisor; (e) mandibular left 4th premolar; and (f) mandibular left 6th molar.
Table 2.
Characteristic information for artificial teeth.
Fig 4.
Posture adjustment of anterior teeth.
(a) Defining the maxillary central incisor characteristics; (b) posture rotation of the maxillary central incisor on the tooth arrangement curve; (c) the fullness mark of the maxillary central incisor rotates to the fullness constraint surface; and (d) adjusting the long axis posture of the mandibular central incisor.
Fig 5.
(a) Adjacent teeth positioned by Loose Octree; (b) occlusal contact of the first maxillary and mandibular molars; (c) occlusal contact of the posterior dentition.
Fig 6.
Tooth arrangement frame based on the rules.
Fig 7.
(a) Occlusal region analysis; (b) occlusal interference region detection: (c) results after 10 iterative processes; (d) results after 20 iterative processes. Interference distances greater than 0.05 mm are shown in red, and interference distances less than 0.05 mm are shown in light blue.
Fig 8.
Extraction of tooth arrangement constraint information.
(a) Preparation of wax occlusal rim; (b) extracted tooth arrangement constraints.
Fig 9.
(a) Arrangement of the maxillary anterior teeth; (b) arrangement of the mandibular anterior teeth; (c) arrangement of the mandibular canines; (d) arrangement of the initial maxillary posterior teeth; (e) arrangement of the initial mandibular posterior teeth; (f) arrangement of the maxillary canines; (g) rearrangement of the maxillary posterior teeth; (h) rearrangement of the mandibular posterior teeth; and (i) front view of the full dentition.
Fig 10.
(a) Interference region detection; (b) virtual adjusting occlusion with a maximum interference of 0.02 mm; and (c) virtual occlusion with a maximum interference of 0.01 mm.