Fig 1.
Distribution of sampled wild red foxes per municipality.
Each municipality was categorised according to the human population density (in green) and the proportion of samples within each municipality is displayed as blue circles.
Fig 2.
Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli (N = 434) isolated from wild red foxes in Norway in 2016.
The isolates are categorized according to human population density in the area where the foxes were hunted, i.e. in low population density (n = 98), medium population density (n = 268) and high population density (n = 68).
Table 1.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and antimicrobial resistance in indicator Escherichia coli (n = 434) isolated from faecal swab samples from wild red foxes in Norway in 2016.
Table 2.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and antimicrobial resistance in isolates of Escherichia coli resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins isolated by selective screening of faceal swabs from wild red foxes (n = 17) in 2016 in Norway.
Table 3.
The total numbers of the detected genotypes of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from wild red foxes in 2016 in Norway (N = 528) from areas with low, medium and high population density isolated using a selective method for detection.
Fig 3.
Resistance profiles of the fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli isolates (n = 76) isolated by selective screening from wild red foxes in 2016 in Norway.
No. of AR = Number of additional resistances to other antimicrobial classes than quinolones (including nalidixic and/ or ciprofloxacin), CIP = ciprofloxacin, NAL = nalidixic acid, AMP = ampicillin, TET = tetracycline, TMP = trimethoprim, SXT = sulfamethoxazole, CHL = chloramphenicol, CTX = cefotaxime, CAZ = ceftazidime, GEN = gentamicin.
Table 4.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and antimicrobial resistance in fluoroquinolone resistant Escherichia coli (n = 76) isolated by selective screening of faecal swab samples from wild red foxes in Norway in 2016.