Fig 1.
Temperature treatments for the cold tolerance and mating assays.
Flies were exposed to either (A) a basal cold tolerance treatment for 1 hour at -6°C or (B) an acclimation treatment for two hours at 4°C to induce RCH followed by -6°C for 1 hour to determine the level of cold tolerance for each genotype. C. Flies were exposed to either the acclimation treatment temperature (4°C) for 2 hours to induce RCH or were held at 25°C for the mating latency and song assays. Shading indicates the timing of lights on for experimental flies used in each assay.
Table 1.
Mixed effects ANOVA of survival and mating behavior with and without acclimation in nineteen DGRP lines.
Fig 2.
Survival following cold stress with and without the acclimation pre-treatment.
A. Flies that were acclimated had higher survival than flies that did not receive the acclimation treatment prior to cold stress. B. Genotype significantly influenced survival following the basal cold tolerance and acclimation treatments. Each point and connecting line represents the change in a genotype’s average survival between the basal cold tolerance and acclimation treatments. This change (acclimation survival—basal survival) is RCH capacity, one measure of phenotypic plasticity. Variation in change in survival between the two treatments led to genotype-specific variation in RCH capacity.
Fig 3.
Courtship latency and courtship duration with and without acclimation.
A. Exposure to the acclimation treatment did not impact courtship latency when either the male or female received the acclimation treatment. B. Males exposed to the acclimation temperature had significantly longer courtship duration when paired with control females. Means are shown with 95% confidence intervals.
Table 2.
ANOVA of song recording variables with and without acclimation in five DGRP lines.
Fig 4.
Effects of exposure of males to acclimation temperature on courtship parameters measured in five genotypes.
Boxplots show males that were exposed to the acclimation temperature (AC) were not significantly different from control (C) males when mean IPI (A: F1,73 = 0.73, P = 0.40), courtship index (B: F1,128 = 0.0015, P = 0.97), or song index (C: F1,73 = 0.21, P = 0.65) was compared. D. Males exposed to the acclimation temperature had slightly longer courtship duration compared to control males (F1,128 = 3.89, P = 0.05).