Fig 1.
Distribution of sampling plots in the study area.
Table 1.
Comparison of vegetation parameters estimated from mown and unmown sites.
Fig 2.
Ordination biplot of redundancy analysis (RDA) representing shared effects of two groups of explanatory variables (soil properties and management).
Species data were related to the management (triangles) and soil variables (arrows). 25 best fitted species are plotted. The portion of variance explained by the respective axis is given in the axis title. See Table 2. for detailed results of the variation partitioning. Red coloured species (invasive species); purple coloured species (woody species); green coloured species (monocots), black coloured species (dicots). Species labels: Agrcap = Agrostis capillaris, Agreup = Agrimonia eupatoria, Arrela = Arrhenatherum elatius, Carfil = Carex filiformis, Carhir = Carex hirta, Cenjac = Centaurea jacea, Cerfon = Cerastium fontanum subsp. vulgare, Cirarv = Cirsium arvense, Circan = Cirsium canum, Cnidub = Cnidium dubium, Dacglo = Dactylis glomerata, Fesrub = Festuca rubra, Filvul = Filipendula vulgaris, Galbor = Galium boreale, Latpra = Lathyrus pratensis, Lotuli = Lotus uliginosus, Ophvul = Ophioglossum vulgatum, Phlpra = Phleum pratense, Plalan = Plantago lanceolata, Potere = Potentilla erecta, Querrob = Quercus robur, Ranaur = Ranunculus auricomus, Ranrep = Ranunculus repens, Silsil = Silaum silaus, Solgig = Solidago gigantea.
Table 2.
Variation partitioning among direct and shared effects of soil variables and management explaining variation in species composition.
Table 3.
Comparison of soil physico-chemical parameters between mown and unmown sites and the effect of management on soil parameters.
Table 4.
Relationships (Spearman rank correlations) between abundances of functional species groups and soil parameters.