Table 1.
MRI and histopathological findings.
Fig 1.
Cartilaginous herniation with Modic type 2 change.
(A) The inferior endplate of L4 and the superior endplate of L5 show increased signal intensity on both T1-weighted scan. (B) The T2-weighted scan showed increased intensity in the same location. (C) Cartilaginous endplates were present in the herniated disc, along with the annulus fibrosus.
Table 2.
Relationship between clinical features, MRI findings, and histopathological findings.
Table 3.
Relationship between cartilaginous endplate and detailed data of Modic changes.
Fig 2.
Composition of herniated tissues.
(A) A herniated mass containing hyaline cartilage from the endplate. (B) CD34-positive capillaries are partly observed in the herniated specimen. (C) CD68-positive macrophages are less frequent. (D) Inflamed granulation tissue is observed in herniated specimens without cartilaginous endplates. (E) CD34-positive capillaries are distributed diffusely in the herniated specimen. (F) CD68-positive macrophages are abundant.
Table 4.
The numbers of neovascularization and macrophage infiltrate in the herniated disc (n = 60).
Table 5.
The numbers of neovascularization and macrophage infiltration in patients with LDH containing cartilaginous endplate (n = 25).