Fig 1.
Each participant was asked to complete both pop-out and serial visual search tasks three times daily [at any time between the set periods 6am to 12 noon (T1), 12 noon to 6pm (T2), and 6pm to 6am the following day (T3)] for fourteen days. An expanded time sequence is shown for the third day of the schedule.
Fig 2.
Schematic view of the smartphone displays on each task.
The left panel shows the number touch task. The middle panel shows the self-state rating task. The right panels show, for the number of distractors set equal to 20, the serial and pop-out visual search tasks. See text for further explanation.
Fig 3.
Serial and pop-out search times.
Line diagram showing the mean (n = 33) visual search times for three distractor conditions (10, 20 or 30 distractors) for both serial (closed circles) and pop-out (closed squares) search tasks. Error bars show ± one standard error of the mean. Note that for some conditions, the error bars are not visible because one standard error was less than or equal to the symbol size.
Table 1.
Pop-out and serial visual search times.
Fig 4.
Effect of happiness level on search times.
Line diagram showing the mean (n = 33) serial (circles) and pop-out (squares) search times for each distractor condition for both low (solid symbols) and high happiness (open symbols) levels. Error bars show ± one standard error of the mean. Note that for some conditions, one standard error was less than or equal to the symbol size.
Fig 5.
Multiple linear regression analysis.
Regression coefficients (β, solid circles), standard errors (± 1 s.e., solid rectangles) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI, thin vertical lines) for the five predictors (sleepiness, stress, happiness, Smartphone usage and communication) of serial visual search times.
Fig 6.
Effect of session time on self-state ratings.
The mean self-state rating scores (across all distractor conditions) for sleepiness (solid circles), stress (open diamonds), happiness (open circles), smartphone usage (open squares) and communication (closed triangles), plotted for session times T1 (6am to 12 noon), T2 (12 noon to 6 pm) and T3 (6 pm to 6 am the following day). The vertical error bars show ± one standard error of the mean.