Fig 1.
Inpatient Hospital Episode Statistics pathway from patient to researcher.
Fig 2.
Hierarchy diagram showing the diagnoses considered in this study, with different levels of detail.
Fig 3.
Flow chart of cases used to derive gold-standard diagnoses.
Schizophrenia (ICD-10 F20); wSS = wider schizophrenia spectrum disorder (ICD-10 F21-29); BPAD = bipolar affective disorder (ICD-10 F30-31); depression = unipolar depression (ICD-10 F32-33).
Table 1.
Patient characteristics based on diagnosis in HES record by which they were selected.
Table 2.
Agreement rates for index HES diagnosis and research primary diagnosis (index and lifetime) by index HES diagnosis.
Index (strict) refers to exact diagnosisprecipitating admission (3 figure ICD-10 code), Index (category) refers to diagnostic group precipitating admission, Lifetime (category) refers to diagnostic group lifetime occurrence. “Uncertain” refers to the research assessor marking the lifetime diagnosis as being uncertain.
Table 3.
Rate of secondary diagnoses recorded in HES and found in research diagnosis.
Table 4.
Inter-rater reliability for primary diagnoses of index and lifetime formulations in 80 cases (160 formulations).
Table 5.
Accuracy statistics for algorithms to predict lifetime research diagnosis from multiple HES records, based on review of 246 cases.
Numbers of cases given for each diagnostic group predicted by stated algorithm (explained in methods). PPV = positive predictive value, NPV = negative predictive value.