Fig 1.
Overview over the case study area Pomerian Bight / Arkona Basin in 2011 with Natura 2000 areas, shipping routes (recommended route, separation schemes) and reservation areas for offshore wind farms.
The EEZ border between Denmark and Poland is not drawn due to its unclear legal status. DE–Germany, DK–Denmark, PL–Poland, SE–Sweden.
Fig 2.
Target and data layers that have been included in Marxan to find suitable solutions for offshore wind power in the western Baltic Sea.
Fig 3.
Average wind speed at 100 m height for the years 1998–2007.
DE–Germany, DK–Denmark, PL–Poland, SE–Sweden.
Table 1.
Value ranges per PU for the target layers.
For the features divided into classes the value still varies for those PU that are only partly covered by the feature.
Table 2.
Value ranges per planning unit (PU) for the layers that compose the cost values.
For the features divided into classes the value still varies for those PU that are only partly covered by the feature.
Table 3.
Overview of Marxan scenarios based on differences between target features and investment costs.
Fig 4.
Marxan selection of most suitable offshore wind park sites for scenario 1 target 218 km2.
(A) Best solutions by Marxan (black) compared to sites considered by national plans (red hatches); (B) selection frequency from different Marxan runs. DE–Germany, DK–Denmark, PL–Poland, SE–Sweden.
Fig 5.
Marxan selection of most suitable offshore wind park sites for scenario 2 based on a twofold increase of energy production (436 km2).
(A) Best solutions by Marxan (black) compared to sites considered by national plans (red hatches); (B) selection frequency from different Marxan runs. DE–Germany, DK–Denmark, PL–Poland, SE–Sweden.
Fig 6.
Marxan selection of most suitable offshore wind park sites for scenario 3 based on a threefold increase in energy production (654 km2).
(A) Best solutions by Marxan (black) compared to sites considered by national plans (red hatches); (B) selection frequency from different Marxan runs. DE–Germany, DK–Denmark, PL–Poland, SE—Sweden.
Fig 7.
Marxan selection of most suitable offshore wind park sites for scenario 4 based on a twofold increase of energy production (436 km2).
Grid connection costs were not considered. (A) Best solutions by Marxan (black) compared to sites considered by national plans (red hatches); (B) selection frequency from different Marxan runs. DE–Germany, DK–Denmark, PL–Poland, SE–Sweden.