Fig 1.
A) Effect of different NaCl treatments on growth of S. portulacastrum. C-control 0 mM NaCl), LS-Low salt 150 mM NaCl), HS-High salt 500 mM NaCl). B) Effect of salinity treatments on fresh weight of S. portulacastrum plants. Different letters over bar indicates significant difference between treatment according to Duncan’s multiple range test p≤ 0.05).
Fig 2.
Effect of different NaCl treatments on root and shoot length of S. portulacastrum plants.
Different letters over bar of same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 3.
Estimation of chlorophyll pigments total chlorophyll, chlorophyll ‘A’ and chlorophyll ‘B’) under different NaCl treatments in S. portulacastrum.
Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 4.
Effect of different NaCl treatments on % relative water content RWC) of leaves of S. portulacastrum.
Different letters over bar indicates significant difference between treatments according to Duncan’s multiple range test p≤ 0.05).
Fig 5.
Effect of different NaCl treatments on MDA content of roots and leaves of S. portulacastrum.
Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 6.
Effect of different NaCl treatments on TSS content of roots and leaves of S. portulacastrum.
Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 7.
Effect of different NaCl treatments on proline content in roots and leaves of S. portulacastrum.
All the values are means ±S.E. (n = 3). Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 8.
Effect of different NaCl) treatments on sodium, potassium and calcium ion content A) in roots, B) in leaves of S. portulacastrum. Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 9.
Time dependant accumulation of A) sodium in roots B) sodium in leaves at 2hr, 6hr, 24 hr, 3d, 5d and 7d in S. portulacastrum under 0, 150 and 500 mM NaCl treatment.
Fig 10.
Time dependant accumulation of C) potasssium in roots D) potassium in leaves at 2hr, 6hr, 24 hr, 3d, 5d and 7d in Sesuvium portulacastrum under 0, 150 and 500 mM NaCl treatment. All values are means of three independent biological replicates. The significance of mean difference (P<0.05) was evaluated on the basis of student T-test and marked with asterisk (*).
Fig 11.
Effect of different NaCl treatments on hydrogen peroxide in A) roots and B) leaves of S. portulacastrum at different time points. All the values are means ±S.E. (n = 3) Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 12.
Effect of different NaCl treatments on superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in A) roots and B) leaves of S. portulacastrum at different time points. All the values are means ±S.E. (n = 3) Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT p≤ 0.05). Effect of different NaCl treatments on Catalase activity in C) roots and D) leaves of S. portulacastrum at different time points. All the values are means ±S.E. (n = 3) Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT p≤ 0.05). Effect of different NaCl treatments on Ascorbate peroxidase activity in E) roots and F) leaves of S. portulacastrum at different time points. All the values are means ±S.E. (n = 3) Different letters over bar with same color indicates significant difference in treatment according to Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT p≤ 0.05).
Fig 13.
Expression profiling of three sodium transporters under different salt treatments and time points A) root NHX3, B) leaf NHX3 gene in S. portulacastrum. All values are means of three independent biological replicates. The significance of mean difference (P<0.05) was evaluated on the basis of student T-test and marked with asterisk (*). Expression profiling of three sodium transporters under different salt treatments and time points C) Root v-Type ATPase D) Leaves v-Type ATPase S. portulacastrum. All values are means of three independent biological replicates. The significance of mean difference (P<0.05) was evaluated on the basis of student T-test and marked with asterisk (*). Expression profiling of three sodium transporters under different salt treatments and time points E) Root SOS1, F) Leaves SOS1S. portulacastrum. All values are means of three independent biological replicates. The significance of mean difference (P<0.05) was evaluated on the basis of student T-test and marked with asterisk (*).
Fig 14.
Workflow for extraction, separation, purification and identification of differentially accumulated metabolites from S. portulacastrum under different salt treatments.
Fig 15.
TLC of methanolic extract of Sesuvium portulacastrum.
Sample was loaded in both spot and band form) from 0, 150 and 500 mM NaCl treatment.