Fig 1.
Species richness of Zephyrus hairstreaks in Asia. Map made with Natural Earth.
Deep purple-coloured grid cells contain the highest number of species of Zephyrus hairstreaks, lower number of species are in the light purple cells; for white grid cells no species have been recorded.
Fig 2.
Species richness of Zephyrus hairstreaks by latitudinal gradient.
Latitudinal gradients in species richness show a normal distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z = 1.281, P = 0.075 > 0.05) with one clear peak between 25° N and 35° N in the temperate zone, and a gradual decrease towards the poles.
Fig 3.
Consensus areas of endemism detected for Zephyrus hairstreaks by NDM/VNDM in Asia. Map made with Natural Earth.
Areas of endemism at generic level: 2.0° (a) and 3.0° (b, c); Areas of endemism at specific level 2.0° (d-g) and 3.0° (h). Lower cases indicate those areas assembled over different regions: (a, c, e): QLMR-EQTP. (b): QLMR-EQTP-WLMR-TMSM-HDMR-NLM. (d, m): QLMR-EQTP-HDMR. (f): EQTP. (g): HDMR. (h): QLMR-EQTP-WLMR.
Fig 4.
Consensus areas of endemism detected for Zephyrus hairstreaks by NDM/VNDM in Asia. Map made with Natural Earth.
(i): EQTP-HDMR-EHMLY-TCLV. (j): HDMR-TCLV. (k): QLMR-EQTP-TMS. (l): EQTP-HDMR. (m): QLMR-EQTP-HDMR. (n): EHMLY.
Fig 5.
Areas of endemism and their locations. Map from Visible Earth.
QLMR: Qinling Mountain Region. EQTP: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. HDMR: Hengduan Mountain Region. EHMLY: Eastern Himalaya. TCLV: Tri-border region of China, Laos and Vietnam. WLMR: Wuling Mountain Region. TMS: Tianmu Shan. NLM: Nanling Mountain.
Fig 6.
Four major distribution patterns of Zephyrus hairstreaks in Asia.
(a): Sino-Japanese distribution. (b): Sino-Himalayan distribution. (c): High-mountain distribution. (d): Combined distribution covering all three above patterns (Chrysozephyrus).