Table 1.
Results of two-way ANOVAs showing the effects of farming type and season on the abundance of various arthropods (*: p<0.05; **: p<0.01; ****:p<0.001).
Fig 1.
Relationships between the time since the transition to organic farming and the abundance of organisms (stink bug, planthopper, and leafhopper species).
Regression curves were drawn when the best model had ΔAIC > 2 in comparison to the null model. Horizontal dashed lines indicate the mean values in control fields subjected to conventional farming.
Fig 2.
Relationships between the time since the transition to organic farming and the abundance of organisms (Lepidoptera, Tetragnatha spider, and damselfly species).
Regression curves were drawn when the best model had ΔAIC > 2 in comparison to the null model. Horizontal dashed lines indicate the mean values in control fields subjected to conventional farming.
Table 2.
Regression models relating years since transition to organic farming (X) to abundance of arthropods (Y).
Three different models (Michaelis-Menten, power law, linear) were applied, and the best model was chosen based on AIC. Here, ΔAIC is the difference of AICs between null and the best models. If ΔAIC was larger than 2, the best model was regarded as meaningful, and the fitted curve was drawn in Figs 1 and 2.
Fig 3.
Relationship between the spider abundance in late July and insect abundance in early August.