Fig 1.
Scheme for UV treatments of LdMNPV.
Fig 2.
Inhibition of viral potency by sunlight treatment.
Percentage of original activity remaining (%OAR) of LdMNPV-45/0 (dose 5x105 OBs/larvae, a), LdMNPV-27/0 (dose 5x106 OBs/larvae, b) and LdMNPV-27/0 (dose 5x105 OBs/larvae, c) strains exposed to sunlight UV.
Table 1.
Inactivation rate and half-life of the LdMNPV strains by sunlight.
Table 2.
Mean and median time to death of Lymantria dispar larvae infected by different LdMNPV strains after exposure to sunlight.
Table 3.
The results of the log-rank statistics (pairwise comparison) for the time to death of Lymantria dispar larvae induced by LdMNPV.
Fig 3.
Effect of sunlight treatment on LdMNPV productivity.
Productivity of LdMNPV strains after challenging of Lymantria dispar larvae with same dose (5x105 OBs/larvae, a) or a dose leading to the same effect (LD90, b) of LdMNPV strains. The productivity was calculated using a light microscope with the help of hemocytometer.
Fig 4.
Frameshift in LdMNPV-45/0 DNA sequence.
A two-nucleotide deletion in the vef-2 gene of the LdMNPV-45/0 strain resulted in a frameshift (FS) at the 309 amino-acid position, which led to a shortened protein with a partially affected peptidase domain (Peptidase_M60), lost mucin-binding (Mucin_bdg) and transmembrane (TMM) domains, and a disordered C-terminal structure.
Table 4.
The inters-strain similarity of the major protein constituents of the OBs.