Table 1.
Characteristics of the total population and those with GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and with GFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Fig 1.
The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and decreased GFR according to the following age groups: 60–69, 70–79 and ≥80 years.
Data were weighted to be representative of the elderly population of São Paulo based on the 2010 Census in Brazil. Data are presented as weighed percentages. Hypertension: self-reported or the mean of three measurements of arterial blood pressure >140/90 mmHg. Diabetes mellitus: self-reported or a fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL or a glycohemoglobin ≥6.5%. Metabolic syndrome: presence of at least three of the following criteria: a waist circumference ≥90 cm for men or ≥80 cm for women, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, an HDL cholesterol ≤40 mg/dL for males or ≤50 mg/dL for females, a systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mmHg and a fasting plasma glucose ≥100 mg/dL. Cardiovascular disease: self-reported. None: absence of hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular disease. Decreased GFR defined as GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Fig 2.
Flow-chart showing the weighted percentage of elderly individuals according to the presence of decreased GFR, renal damage and comorbidities.
All the weighted percentages were estimated relative to the entire population, resulting in 100% for each line. Comorb: comorbidities. Decreased GFR defined as GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2; renal damage defined as presence of proteinuria/hematuria; comorbidities defined as presence of diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome or cardiovascular disease.
Table 2.
Association of age and presence of comorbidities with the finding of a decreased GFR.