Fig 1.
Sampling locations in southern Patagonia.
A. Magellan Region, B. Cape Horn Archipelago, C. Francisco Coloane Marine Park, D. Diego Ramírez.
Fig 2.
Kelp areal coverage derived from Landsat 8 satellite Operational Land Imager multispectral sensor.
A.–Cape Horn, B. Francisco Coloane Marine Park, C. Diego Ramírez.
Fig 3.
Stipe densities of Macrocystis pyrifera and Lessonia spp. among the three sub-regions.
Box plots showing median (black line), mean (red dashed line), upper and lower quartiles, and 5th and 95th percentiles. Kruskal-Wallis Rank Sum comparisons among regions were statistically different for Lessonia spp. (X2 = 13.3, p = 0.001) but not for Macrocystis pyrifera (X2 = 4.9, p = 0.08). Regions with the same letter are not significantly different (Steel-Dwass unplanned multiple comparisons procedures, a = 0.05).
Table 1.
Benthic assemblage characteristics among sub-regions.
Diversity is Shannon-Wiener H′(loge), Evenness is J = H’/ln(S). Statistical results of Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test (X2) with Steel-Dwass test for unplanned multiple comparisons. Underlined sub-regions are not significantly different (α = 0.05). Francisco Coloane = FC, Cape Horn = CH, Diego Ramírez = DR.
Fig 4.
Principle coordinates analysis of A. benthic taxa by sub-region and, B. functional groups by island within sub-regions.
Benthic taxa and functional group abundance data were ln(x+1) transformed prior to analyses. Vectors are the primary taxa driving the ordination (Pearson Product movement correlations ≥ 0.6). C. vagans–Campylonotus vagans, C. lurida–Cosmasterias lurida, P. antarctica–Porania antarctica.
Table 2.
Similarity of percentages (SIMPER) for benthic taxa most responsible for the percent dissimilarities between sub-regions using Bray-Curtis similarity analysis of hierarchical agglomerative group average clustering.
Values are mean (no. m-2) with standard deviations in parentheses. Diss. = Average dissimilarity with one standard deviation of the mean in parentheses. A = Cape Horn and Diego Ramírez, B = Cape Horn and Francisco Coloane, and C = Diego Ramírez and Francisco Coloane.
Table 3.
Sea urchin numerical abundances among sub-regions.
Values are mean (no. m-2) with standard deviations in parentheses.
Table 4.
Shallow water fish species observed during surveys in the Magellan Region.
Mean total length (TL) in cm are from quantitative underwater transects unless otherwise noted.
Fig 5.
Fish assemblage characteristics among the three sub-regions.
Box plots showing median (black line), mean (red dashed line), upper and lower quartiles, and 5th and 95th percentiles. Kruskal-Wallis Rank Sum comparisons among regions were statistically different for species richness (X2 = 13.3, p = 0.001) and numerical abundance (X2 = 4.9, p = 0.08). Regions with the same letter are not significantly different (Steel-Dwass unplanned multiple comparisons procedures, a = 0.05).
Fig 6.
Principle coordinates analysis of fish species numerical abundance by sub-region.
Data were 4th root transformed prior to analyses. Vectors are the primary taxa driving the ordination (Pearson Product movement correlations ≥ 0.3). P. spp.–Patagonotothen spp. except for P. magellanica—Paranotothenia magellanica. M. australis—Myxine australis, C. geniguttatus—Calliclinus geniguttatus.
Table 5.
Similarity of percentages (SIMPER) for fish species most responsible for the percent dissimilarities between sub-regions using Bray-Curtis similarity analysis of hierarchical agglomerative group average clustering.
Values are mean (no. m-2) with standard deviations in parentheses. Diss. = Average dissimilarity with one standard deviation of the mean in parentheses.
Table 6.
Deep Ocean Dropcam deployment statistics and associated habitats.
Habitats: mud (M), sand (S), pebble (P), cobble (C), boulder (B), continuous flat rock (F), diagonal rock ridge (R), and vertical rock-pinnacle top (T). The first letter represents at least 50% cover by that category, and the second, at least 30% cover. Combined, the two-letter code represents ≥ 80% of the benthic cover at a site. Deploy–deployment.