Fig 1.
Morphological measurements and handedness box.
(A) Scan of a fixed paw with schematic illustration of digit measurement. (B) Sketch of mouse with illustration of morphological parameters. (C) Picture of a compartment of the handedness box. Mice were placed in the box and reaches with one paw through the tubing to obtain a food pellet were counted.
Fig 2.
Absolute finger length is altered by prenatal treatment in male mice.
Length of digits on the left (A) and the right (B) front paw. Length of digits on the left (C) and the right (D) hind paw. (E) Digit length of pooled (left + right) front paws. (F) Digit length of pooled (left + right) hind paws. Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). * p<0.05, # p<0.01 and § p<0.001 compared to control. Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.
Fig 3.
Increased 2nd to 4th digit (2D:4D) ratio in hind paws of Vehicle-Dihydrotestosterone-treated males.
(A) 2D:4D ratio on the left and right front paw. (B) 2D:4D ratio of the pooled (left + right) front paws. (C) 2D:4D ratio on the left and right hind paw. (D) 2D:4D ratio of the pooled (left + right) hind paws. Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). * p<0.05 compared to control. Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.
Fig 4.
Shorter paws in males prenatally treated with Flutamide-Dihydrotestosterone.
(A) Paw length of the left and right front paw. (B) Paw length of pooled (left + right) front paws. (C) Paw length of the left and right hind paw. (D) Paw length of pooled (left + right) hind paws. Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). * p<0.05 and § p<0.001 compared to control. Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.
Fig 5.
Absolute length of fingers reduced by prenatal treatment in females.
Length of digits on the left (A) and the right (B) front paw. Length of digits on the left (C) and the right (D) hind paw. (E) Digit length of pooled (left + right) front paws. (F) Digit length of pooled (left + right) hind paws. Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). * p<0.05, # p<0.01 and § p<0.001 compared to control. Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.
Fig 6.
Decreased 2nd to 4th (2D:4D) digit ratio in hind paws of Flutamide-Vehicle-treated females.
(A) 2D:4D ratio on the left and right front paw. (B) 2D:4D ratio of the pooled (left + right) front paws. (C) 2D:4D ratio on the left and right hind paw. (D) 2D:4D ratio of the pooled (left + right) hind paws. Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). * p<0.05 compared to control. Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.
Fig 7.
Shorter paws in females prenatally treated with Vehicle-Dihydrotestosterone.
(A) Paw length of the left and right front paw. (B) Paw length of pooled (left + right) front paws. (C) Paw length of the left and right hind paw. (D) Paw length of pooled (left + right) hind paws. Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). * p<0.05, # p<0.01 and § p<0.001 compared to control. Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.
Fig 8.
Body morphology in adult prenatally treated males and females.
Male (A) head size measured as distance between ears, (B) body length and (C) tail length in cm. Female (D) head size measured as distance between ears, (E) body length and (F) tail length in cm. Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). * p<0.05, # p<0.01 and § p<0.001 compared to control. Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.
Fig 9.
No effect of prenatal treatment on handedness in adult males and females.
Percentage of animals preferring left paw, right paw or using both paws equally (ambidextrous) in males (A) and females (B). Mean reaches of paws into feeding tube with each paw in males (C) and females (D). Data represented as mean ± Standard error of the mean (SEM). Veh—Vehicle; Flu—Flutamide; DHT—Dihydrotestosterone.