Fig 1.
Depicted is the morphologically left ventricle (grey circle) as seen from a superior position and the possible locations of the morphologically right ventricle (red ovals) along the anterior side of the morphologically left ventricle. The anterior side of the heart is divided in five parts (left/right and anterior/lateral) in intervals of 36°.
Fig 2.
Parallel stand of the inflow and outflow tract planes (0°-10°).
In this case, each of the outflow tracts is closer to one inflow tract, which leads to streaming and keeps the blood flows separated. The depicted heart has a discordant ventriculoarterial connection, meaning the pulmonary trunk is connected to the morphologically left ventricle and the aorta is connected to the morphologically right ventricle and communicates with the morphologically left ventricle via the ventricular septal defect. The angle in this specific heart was 5°.Ao: Aorta; AV: atrioventricular valve; PT: pulmonary trunk; VSD: ventricular septal defect; Ao = Aorta. Blue: deoxygenated blood, red: oxygenated blood.
Fig 3.
20°-70° angle of the inflow and outflow tract planes.
One of the two outflow tracts is in closer proximity to both inflow tracts so that blood from both inflow tracts will enter this outflow tract, whereas the other outflow tract is only supplied by the one inflow tract it is closest to. The depicted heart has a discordant ventriculoarterial connection, meaning the pulmonary trunk is connected to the morphologically left ventricle and the aorta is connected to the morphologically right ventricle and communicates with the morphologically left ventricle via the ventricular septal defect. The angle in this specific heart was 45°.Ao: Aorta; AV: atrioventricular valve; PT: pulmonary trunk; VSD: ventricular septal defect; Ao = Aorta. Blue: deoxygenated blood, red: oxygenated blood, purple: mix of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood.
Fig 4.
Perpendicular stand of the inflow and outflow tract planes (80°-90°).
Blood from both inflow tracts enters both outflow tracts, leading to maximum mixture of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood. The depicted heart has a discordant ventriculoarterial connection, meaning the pulmonary trunk is connected to the morphologically left ventricle and the aorta is connected to the morphologically right ventricle and communicates with the morphologically left ventricle via the ventricular septal defect. The angle in this specific heart was 90°. Ao: Aorta; AV: atrioventricular valve; PT: pulmonary trunk; VSD: ventricular septal defect; Ao = Aorta. Blue: deoxygenated blood, red: oxygenated blood, purple: mix of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood.
Fig 5.
Distribution of the different types of DILV hearts.
Hearts are arranged by their type of ventriculoarterial connection with the position of the morphologically right ventricle in relation to the morphologically left ventricle. DOLV: double outlet left ventricle, DORV: double outlet right ventricle, LV: morphologically left ventricle, RV: morphologically right ventricle, VA: ventriculoarterial connection.
Table 1.
Anatomical relationships of the right and left ventricle and the aorta andpulmonary trunk.
Table 2.
Pulmonary trunk-aorta ratios.
Fig 6.
Distribution of the angles of the inflow and outflow tract planes.
Depicted on the y axis are the number of specimen in each group, depicted on the x axis are the AV/VA angles, ranging from 0° to 90°, divided in 10 groups. AV: atrioventricular; VA: ventriculoarterial.