Table 1.
The pH and organic matter content for each soil type.
Table 2.
Relative abundances of bacteria phyla (classes) on day 0 and when 20% of PAH contamination had disappeared, i.e. days 91 and 189 in sand and other soils (both pristine and contaminated), respectively.
Table 3.
The effects of soil type and creosote contamination on bacterial community composition at genus and OTU levels in PERMANOVA.
Fig 1.
NMDS ordination (Bray-Curtis distance) of soil bacterial communities in the creosote contaminated and control soil samples.
(a) The bacterial community composition in the two treatment groups overlap at the OTU level. (b) The communities are distinctively different at the genus level. For peat (Peat in the figure), pine forest soil (Pine.F) and spruce forest soil (Spruce.F), samples taken on week 31 (day91) were utilized, whereas week 27 (day 189) samples were used in the case of mineral soil (Sand).
Fig 2.
NMDS ordination of Proteobacterial OTUs in creosote contaminated and pristine (control) soil samples.
The community composition is noticeably different in the two treatment groups. The ordination is based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity metric.
Table 4.
The effects of soil type and creosote contamination on Proteobacterial community composition at the OTU level in PERMANOVA.
Fig 3.
NMDS ordination of Actinobacterial OTUs in creosote contaminated and pristine soil samples.
The community composition across the two treatment groups overlap partially. The ordination is based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity metric.
Table 5.
The effects of soil type and creosote contamination on Actinobacterial community composition at the OTU level in PERMANOVA.
Fig 4.
NMDS ordination revealing a temporal variation in the bacterial community structure.
(a) Proteobacterial community on day 0 is distinctively different from those sampled at later time points (day 91 for peat, pine forest, and spruce forest soils, and day 189 for sand). Neither Actinobacterial community (b) nor the total bacterial community at genus level (c) varied with time.
Table 6.
Alteration in the abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes in PAH polluted soil as reported in earlier studies.