Table 1.
Basic demographics.
Table 2.
Most common categories of surgical procedures.
Fig 1.
Pre and post- surgery poverty rates.
Poverty Rates before and after obtaining surgical care. Poverty levels were calculated using the $1.90 and $3.10/person/day expenditures adjusted to 2011 PPP USD. While not statistically significant, this rose to 49% (p = 0.41) and 67% (p = 0.66) respectively after surgery when all costs were accounted for. Rates were slightly higher in non-surgical patients based on patient response, but again not statistically different.
Table 3.
Summary of out-of-pocket expenditures and financial impact.
Fig 2.
Catastrophic expenditure due to surgical care.
Depending on method of calculation and whether only direct medical or all direct costs are considered, between 7% and 32% of all interviewed patients had a catastrophic expenditure. Patients who underwent a procedure other than a cesarean section were more likely to undergo a catastrophic expenditure by either definition. When calculated as in 40% of yearly non-food expenses direct medical costs were different at p = 0.0001, and total direct costs p = 0.0001; when calculated as 10% of total yearly expenses, direct medical costs were different at p = 0.0002, and total direct costs p = 0.0034.