Fig 1.
Entire skeleton of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY) preserved in a slab mostly in right lateral view.
Abbreviations: aa, the atlas-axis complex; bo, basioccipital; br, braincase; cve, cervical vertebrae; cv3, the third cervical vertebra; cv8, the eighth cervical vertebra; ds, dentaries; dv, dorsal vertebra; dve, dorsal vertebrae; ep, epiphysis; j, jugal; lc, left carpus; lf, left femur; li, left ilium; lis, left ischium; lm, left manual digits; lp, left pubis; lpe, left pes; lpt, left pteroid; lr, left radius; lsc, left scapula-coracoid; lt, left tibia; lta, left tarsus; lu, left ulna; lwmc, left wing metacarpal; lwp1–4; left wing phalanges 1–4; p, pterygoid; pp, postacetabular process of the right ilium; q, quadrate; rc, right carpus; rh, right humerus; rf, right femur; rfi, right fibula; ribs, ribs; ris, right ischium; rm, right manual digits; rmcI, right metacarpal I; rp, right pubis; rpe, right pes; rpt, right pteroid; rr, right radius; rsc, right scapula-coracoid; rt, right tibia; ru, right ulna; rwmc, right wing metacarpal; rwp1–4, right wing phalanges 1–4; rostrum, rostrum; st, sternum; sv, sacral vertebra; sve, sacral vertebrae. Gray shaded areas bound by solid lines indicate preserved bones, dashed lines indicate bones with margins discerned by impression, and lack of lines indicate missing bone or displacement along cracks in the slab.
Fig 2.
Rostrum in right lateral view (A, B) and lower jaws mostly in ventral view (C, D) of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY).
Abbreviations: ds, dentaries; lmr, labial margin of the rostrum; lrpp, a low ridge of the premaxillary process; lrr, a low ridge of rostrum; naf, nasoantorbital fenestra; slt, shallow longitudinal trough. Gray shaded areas bound by solid lines indicate preserved bones and the dark gray area indicates shallow longitudinal trough (slt).
Fig 3.
Disarticulated cranial elements, atlas-axis complex, and postcranial elements of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY).
Abbreviations: at, atlas; ax, axis; bo, basioccipital; j, jugal; lf, left femur; lt, left tibia; pp, postacetabular process of the right ilium; q, quadrate; rsc, right scapula. Gray shaded areas bound by solid lines indicate preserved bones, and dashed lines or lack of lines indicate missing bone.
Fig 4.
Enlarged images of endocast (A), third cervical vertebra in dorsal view (B), fourth cervical vertebra in right lateral view (C), and distal ends of femora in posterior view (D) of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY).
Abbreviations: lf, distal portion of the left femur; lt, proximal portion of the left tibia; rf, distal portion of the right femur. Scale bar = 10 mm.
Fig 5.
Sacral vertebrae and sternum in ventral view as well as the disarticulated pelvic girdle in medial view of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY).
Abbreviations: cr, cristospine; lf, left femur; li, left ilium; lis, left ischium; lp, left pubis; of, obturator foramen; rf, right femur; ris, right ischium; st, sternum; sv, sacral vertebra;? il, possible ilium fragment. Gray shaded areas bound by solid lines indicate preserved bones, dashed lines indicate bones with margins discerned by impression, and lack of lines indicate missing bone.
Fig 6.
Left manus in ventral view (A) and right manus in dorsal view (B) of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY).
Abbreviations: A, sesamoid A; dc, distal carpals; etp, extensor process; lmcI–III, left metacarpals I–III; lr, left radius; lu, left ulna; lwmc, left wing metacarpal; lwp1, the left first wing phalanx; mdI–III, manual digits I–III; pn, pneumatic foramen; prc, preaxial carpal; pt, pteroid; rc, radial carpal; rmcI, right metacarpal I; rmdI–III, right manual digits I–III; rr, right radius; ru, right ulna; rwmc, right wing metacarpal; rwp1–2, right wing phalanx 1 and 2; uc, ulnar carpal. Gray shaded areas bound by solid lines indicate preserved bones, dashed lines indicate bones with margins discerned by impression, and lack of lines indicate missing bone or displacement along cracks in the slab.
Fig 7.
Left pes in ventral view (A, B) and right pes in dorsal view (C, D) of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY).
Abbreviations: ldta, left distal tarsal; lmtI–V, left metatarsals I–V; lpdI–V, left pedal digits I–V; lpta, left proximal tarsal; lt, left tibia; rmtI–V, right metatarsals I–V; rpdI–IV, right pedal digits I–IV. Gray shaded areas bound by solid lines indicate preserved bones, dashed lines indicate bones with margins discerned by impression, and lack of lines indicate missing bone or obscuring by overlying bones.
Table 1.
Measurements of Jidapterus edentus (RCPS-030366CY).
Length in millimeters.
Table 2.
Measurements and proportions of major limb bones in selected azhdarchoids.
Length in millimeters.
Fig 8.
Cladogram depicting the evolutionary relationships of the Azhdarchoidea from the phylogenetic analysis of Jidapterus edentus and the Pterosauria.
TNT node numbers are depicted below the branches that subtend the nodes. Branch lengths and support measures are listed in S1 Table.
Fig 9.
Box plots for the ungual curvature of pedal digit III of azhdarchoids and extant tetrapods.
The box plots performed by PAST 2.12 [77], and the extant data from Birn-Jeffery et al. [78].
Fig 10.
Box plots for the limb proportions of azhdarchoids.
The box plots performed by PAST 2.12 [77], and data from Table 2. Chaoyangopterids (brown), tapejarids (dark blue), Microtuban (purple square), azhdarchids (red diamond), and Tupuxuara (light blue triangle).