Fig 1.
Flow diagram of the study selection process.
Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
Table 2.
Potential HI-related risk factors for PVL.
Fig 2.
Fixed-effect model forest plot of the odds ratio of the association between oligohydramnios and PVL.
The pooled OR of oligohydramnios is presented as a solid diamond at the bottom of the forest plot, the width of which represents the 95% CI.
Fig 3.
Fixed-effect model forest plot for the odds ratio of the association between acidemia and PVL.
The pooled OR of acidemia is presented as a solid diamond at the bottom of the forest plot, the width of which represents the 95% CI.
Fig 4.
Forest plot of the odds ratio of the association between low Apgar score and PVL.
A random-effect model was used to assess the association between low Apgar score at 1 minute and PVL. A fixed-effect model was used to assess the association between low Apgar score at 5 minutes and PVL. The pooled OR of low Apgar score is presented as a solid diamond at the bottom of the forest plot, the width of which represents the 95% CI.
Fig 5.
Fixed-effect model forest plot of the odds ratio of the association between apnea and PVL.
The pooled OR of apnea is presented as a solid diamond at the bottom of the forest plot, the width of which represents the 95% CI.
Fig 6.
Fixed-effect model forest plot of the odds ratio of the association between RDS and PVL.
The pooled OR of RDS is presented as a solid diamond at the bottom of the forest plot, the width of which represents the 95% CI.
Fig 7.
Fixed-effect model forest plot of the odds ratio of the association between seizures and PVL.
The pooled OR of seizures is presented as a solid diamond at the bottom of the forest plot, the width of which represents the 95% CI.
Fig 8.
Fixed-effect model forest plot of the odds ratio of the association between preeclampsia/eclampsia and PVL.
The pooled OR of preeclampsia/eclampsia is presented as a solid diamond at the bottom of the forest plot, the width of which represents the 95% CI.
Fig 9.
Funnel plot for publication bias test.
The two oblique lines indicate the pseudo 95% confidence limits.