Table 1.
Alignment matrix between the Hawaii-specific and MCD12Q1 land cover products.
Fig 1.
The global and Hawaii-specific land cover data products.
(A) MCD12Q1 and (B) the Hawaii-specific land cover data product shown for Hawaii Island, the largest of the seven main islands of Hawaii. Land cover classes include evergreen broadleaf forest (EF), open shrubland (OS), closed shrubland (CS), woody savanna (WS), grassland (GL) and agriculture (AG). Remaining areas are sparse, barren or developed and are not used to estimate GPP.
Fig 2.
The area and contribution to statewide GPP of each land cover class by data product.
(A) The area of each land cover class in the Hawaii-specific land cover data product and in MCD12Q1 for the main Hawaiian Islands. (B) The annual GPP for each land cover class in the GLGC model that used the global land cover data product, MCD12Q1 vs. the HLGC model, which uses the Hawaii-specific land cover data product. GPP values were not calculated for pixels classified as sparse or barren.
Fig 3.
GMAO and Hawaii-specific data products for photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).
(A) GMAO PAR used in the GLGC and HLGC GPP models and (B) Hawaii-specific PAR from the Climate Atlas of Hawaii used in GLHC and HLHC GPP models, both shown at the 130–300 W m-2 range scale.
Table 2.
Summary statistics from climate data products.
Fig 4.
Relationship between GPP estimates using global GMAO climate data (GLGC) and Hawaii-specific climate data (GLHC).
This density plot shows the distribution of MOD17 GPP estimates at 500-m resolution using global land cover and climate data products (GLGC) compared to MOD17 GPP estimates produced from the global land cover and high-resolution Hawaii-specific climate data products (GLHC), also at 500-m resolution. Pixel density values are two-dimensional kernel density estimates based on bivariate normal distributions, with higher values corresponding to higher pixel density. The line represents a 1:1 relationship. In high productivity areas, the global climate data products yield higher estimates of GPP than the Hawaii-specific climate products.
Fig 5.
Statewide difference in GPP estimates and effect size of the MOD17 models.
(A) The mean per pixel difference in estimated GPP and 95% confidence interval between the global land cover and climate model (GLGC), and the models with Hawaii land cover and global climate (HLGC), global land cover and Hawaii climate (GLHC), and both Hawaii land cover and climate. In each case means were found to be significantly different from zero (p < 0.001, df = 71675, t-values; GLGC/HLGC t = -51.6385, GLGC/GLHC t = -96.5017, and GLGC/HLHC t = -103.0899). (B) The Cohen’s D effect size based the substitution of Hawaii land cover and high-resolution climate data products on MOD17 GPP estimates.
Fig 6.
Spatial distribution of GPP estimates for the seven main Hawaiian Islands using Hawaii-specific land cover and climate data products (HLHC GPP Model).